Hirequest Inc
NASDAQ:HQI
Earnings Call Analysis
Q4-2023 Analysis
Hirequest Inc
The company revealed in its fourth quarter and full year results for 2023 a story of resilience and strategic maneuvering amid tough economic conditions. Even though service revenues can be quite volatile—swayed by system-wide sales, receivables, and insurance renewals—the business managed to realize ad fund revenue of $515,000 in the last quarter. This momentum was somewhat counterbalanced by higher operational costs, specifically selling, general, and administrative expenses (SG&A), which increased significantly to $24.4 million for the year from $12.9 million in 2022. The swell in SG&A was mainly driven by heightened workers' compensation costs, upsurges in support expenses linked to system-wide sales growth, and one-time charges related to the integration of acquisitions, particularly the MRI Network.
Scrutinizing the heart of the company's balance sheet, we see that efforts to streamline and integrate past acquisitions like the MRI Network are bearing fruit, as the company does not forecast the need for additional heightened expenses in 2024. There's a delicate equilibrium to be struck between tightly managing expenses and preserving the ability to invest for growth—a balance reflected in a net income of $6.1 million for the year, a descent from $12.5 million in 2022. What's notable is the $2.6 million charge incurred during the fourth quarter for reselling tech offices to franchisees—a one-off cost that weighed down earnings. Despite this, shareholders saw continued returns via a $0.24 per share dividend payout for the full year, affirming the company's commitment to rewarding its investors.
The company marched forward despite the staffing and recruiting industry's broader economic headwinds; the management spun a narrative of growth and profit-driving for the fourth quarter. They hinged their strategy on prudent capital allocation and expense reduction to amplify the bottom line while underscoring the considerable stake insiders and board members have in the company, which aligns their interests with those of all shareholders. A sense of optimism prevails as they gear up for 2024, anticipating that the groundwork laid will ensure continued value creation for franchises and shareholders alike.
Addressing analysts' queries, the company pointed to the March 1 insurance policy renewal and its revamped workers' compensation program. This adjustment is expected to ease the burden of what once was a $3.6 million net expense. Management candidly admitted past inadequacies in rates and believes that the new policy's structure would reposition them to recover about half of those costs. While full breakeven on this front remains uncertain, there's renewed confidence in coming significantly closer to that goal in 2024. This functional recalibration is demonstrative of the company's agility and its continual focus on leveraging experience to optimize operational finances.
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Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for participating in today's conference call to discuss HireQuest's financial results for the fourth quarter and year ended December 31, 2023. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the call over to John Nesbett of IMS Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Thank you. I'd like to welcome everybody to the call. Hosting the call today are HireQuest's Chief Executive Officer, Rick Hermanns; and Chief Financial Officer, Steven Crane. I'd like to take a moment to read the safe harbor statement. This conference call contains forward-looking statements as defined within Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended. These forward-looking statements in terms such as anticipate, expect, intend, may, will, should or other comparable terms involve risks and uncertainties and because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will occur in the future. These statements include statements regarding intent, belief or current expectations of HireQuest and members of its management as well as the assumptions in which such statements are based. Prospective investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, including those described in higher Quest periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and that actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements. Except as required by federal securities law, HireQuest undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed conditions.
I would now like to turn the call over to CEO of HireQuest, Rick Hermanns. Please go ahead, Rick.
Thank you, everyone, for joining today's call. I'll begin by providing an overview of our financial and strategic highlights for the fourth quarter and full year of 2023. And then I'll turn the call over to Steve, who will share more details around our fourth quarter and full year financial results. Both our fourth quarter and full year 2023 results were characterized by the continued execution of our growth strategy and demonstrated strength of our business model as we achieved revenue growth and profitability despite a challenging economic environment that continues to impact the staffing and recruiting industry.
Our fourth quarter revenue increased 21.3% to $9.8 million, and franchise royalties increased 15.9% to $8.9 million. System-wide sales in the fourth quarter increased to $143.5 million compared to $127.9 million in 2022. For the full year, total revenue increased 22.4% to $37.9 million, and franchise royalties grew 23.9% to $35.8 million. Full year system-wide sales were $605.1 million compared to $472.2 million in 2022. While our top line grew in the fourth quarter and for the full year 2023, primarily as a result of the MRINetwork acquisition. The state of the staffing and recruitment industry hampered organic growth. We were encouraged by the resiliency of our HireQuest direct franchisees who were down for the year by only 2.7% and our selling franchisees who finished the year down 9%. These results compare very favorably to both our public and private competitors and really demonstrates the strength not only of our franchise model, but also speaks to the customer and geographic diversification cultivated by our franchisees.
Our recently launched skilled trades offering, Tradecore, really started to gain some traction this last year. though starting from a very small base, and we're excited to continue to see its momentum into 2024. MRINetwork wasn't immune to the headwinds of the professional staffing and executive recruiting markets either. But as we've said in the past, MRI historically has had less standardized less standardized royalty model. So decreases in system-wide sales don't necessarily translate to decreases in royalty revenues.
Our reported SG&A expenses continued to impact our bottom line. However, our core SG&A expenses were effectively flat in Q4 2023 at $4.5 million compared to $4.4 million in Q4 2022. We provide details in today's press release on core SG&A, which excludes workers' compensation expense, the MRI ad fund expenses, which are really just a pass-through with corresponding services revenue and onetime charges. In fact, this core SG&A expense decreased in both absolute dollars and as a percentage of total revenue for each of the past 3 quarters. We believe the current level provides us with plenty of capacity to take advantage of increased system-wide sales, either driven organically or through additional acquisitions without a linear increase in fixed costs.
Over the past couple of quarters, I spent a fair amount of time talking about our net workers' compensation expense. Total net workers' compensation expense for 2023 was $3.7 million compared to a net benefit of $1.9 million in 2022. As I've mentioned on previous calls, there are 2 primary factors that impact this number. First is the difference between our net premium amounts collected and our expected losses for the policy year. And the second is any changes to the expected losses up or down for prior policy years. Unfortunately, for us, last year, our comp rates were below our expected loss rates, accounting for approximately 2/3 of the expense and we had a particularly bad loss experience in the prior policy year, which accounted for the remaining 1/3 of the expense, while we can't predict future loss experiences. The '22, '23 policy year was historically bad for us, but we haven't seen anything in the '23, '24 policy year-to-date that would lead us to expect to repeat this year. Additionally, we've taken steps with our carrier to address the shortfall component of the expense and expect to see some relief on that side of the equation starting in Q2 2024. We believe these actions will help normalize our margins as we progress through the year and the changes take effect. We continue to believe that we are a leader in the staffing industry with regards to our ability to manage workers' compensation expense and it continues to be a core competency and competitive advantage.
M&A continues to be a key component of our growth strategy, and we continued executing on it in 2023 and while keeping our leverage low and maintaining a strong balance sheet. Most recently, we announced the acquisition of Tech staffing services in the fourth quarter of 2023. This acquisition is an excellent example of the accretive opportunities that we look for in the market as it expanded our selling operations in Northwest in Central Arkansas, while restoring some of the operating leverage that we've lost due to the challenging economic environment. MRINetwork has proven to be a solid acquisition for us as well. While revenues have been down as a result of industry headwinds, MRI has demonstrated healthy profitability this past year. Additionally, as it relates to M&A, I'd like to point out that we've been able to maintain a healthy balance sheet and low leverage throughout all these transactions. Since the beginning of 2021, we've increased system-wide sales by just shy of $400 million. We've invested over $75 million in acquisitions and finished 2023 with net debt of $13.4 million. I'll also highlight that fully diluted shares over that time have increased from about $13.7 million to only $13.8 million at the end of 2023. That is, we financed our growth almost exclusively with cash flow from operations. We believe that as demand for staffing solutions recovers, HireQuest will be well positioned with premier staffing and executive search capabilities that we can leverage to enhance our offerings and operations, improve our bottom line and drive increased value for our shareholders.
I'll now pass the call over to our Chief Financial Officer, Steve Crane, who will provide a closer look to our fourth quarter and full year results. Steve?
Thank you, Rick, and good afternoon, everyone. As Rick mentioned earlier, total revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023 was $9.8 million compared to $8 million for the same quarter last year, an increase of 21.3%. Total revenue for the full year of 2023 increased 22.4% to $37.9 million compared to $31 million in 2022. Our total revenue is made up of 2 components: franchise royalties, which is our primary source of revenue, and service revenue, which is generated from certain services and interest charge to our franchisees, other miscellaneous revenue and starting this past quarter, it also includes the pass-through revenue from MRINetworks advertising fund.
Franchise royalties for the fourth quarter were $8.9 million compared to $7.7 million for the same quarter last year, an increase of 15.9%. For the full year of 2023, franchise royalties increased 23.9% to $35.8 million compared to $28.9 million in 2022. Underlying the growth in royalties are system-wide sales, which are not part of our revenue, but our helpful contextual performance indicator. System-wide sales reflect sales at all offices, including those classified as discontinued. System-wide sales for the fourth quarter were $143.5 million compared to $127.9 million for the same period in 2022, which is an increase of 12.1%. Service revenue was $871,000 for the fourth quarter compared to $378,000 for the same quarter a year ago. Service revenue is composed of interest charge to our franchisees on overdue accounts receivable, service fees, other miscellaneous revenue and MRINetworks advertising fund revenue.
The ad fund revenue contributed $515,000 in Q4 of 2023 and is offset by a corresponding expense in SG&A. Service revenue can fluctuate from quarter-to-quarter based on a number of factors, including growth in system-wide sales, changes in accounts receivable, insurance renewals and similar dynamics. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the fourth quarter were $6.6 million compared to $4.7 million in the prior year period. For the full year, SG&A expenses were $24.4 million compared to $12.9 million in 2022. The increase in SG&A for the year is attributable to 3 primary drivers: increased workers' compensation expense, increased expenses to support the growth in system-wide sales and acquisition integration expense, which we incurred during the first and second quarters and the MRINetwork advertising fund expense of $515,000 are included in our fourth quarter and full year SG&A.
For the fourth quarter in 2023, workers' compensation expense was approximately $1.3 million compared to $166,000 in the fourth quarter of 2022. For the full year, workers' compensation expense was approximately $3.7 million compared to a net benefit of $1.9 million in the full year 2022. Beyond workers' compensation, the largest component of SG&A is employee salaries and benefits. Salaries and benefits for the fourth quarter of 2023 were $3 million versus $3.2 million in the prior year period. For the full year of 2023, salaries and benefits were $13 million versus $10.4 million in 2022.
Also included in our full year SG&A were increased salaries and benefits related to personnel costs as we integrated MRINetwork as well as SG&A expenses from MRI, including marketing, IT, insurance, professional fees and similar costs. We had largely completed MRI's integration by third quarter, and this most recent quarter reflects an expected level based upon current revenue volumes for executive recruiting services. We don't anticipate the need for additional increased expenses looking ahead to 2024. Net income includes income from operations adjusted for miscellaneous items, interest, income taxes and discontinued operations. Net income for the quarter was $16,000 compared to $2.7 million in the prior year period.
Net income from continuing operations for the quarter was $467,000 or $0.03 per diluted share compared to net income from continuing operations of $2.6 million or $0.19 per diluted share in the fourth quarter last year. Besides increased SG&A, net income in the fourth quarter was negatively impacted by $2.6 million charge related to the resale of the tech offices to franchisees. For the full year of 2023, net income was $6.1 million compared to $12.5 million in the prior year period. Net income from continuing operations for the full year 2023 was $6.4 million or $0.47 per diluted share combined with $12 million or $0.87 per diluted share in 2022.
Adjusted EBITDA in the fourth quarter of 2023 was $4.3 million compared to $4.4 million in the fourth quarter of last year. For the full year, adjusted EBITDA was $16.5 million compared to $22 million in 2022. We believe adjusted EBITDA is a relevant metric for us due to the size of noncash operating expenses running through our P&L. A detailed reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to net income is provided in our 10-K, which will be filed shortly. Moving on now to the balance sheet. Our current assets at December 31, 2023, were $51.5 million compared to $51.9 million at December 31, 2022. Current assets as of December 31, 2023, included $1.3 million of cash and $44.4 million of net accounts receivable while current assets at December 31, 2022, included $3 million of cash and $45.7 million of net accounts receivable. Current assets exceeded current liabilities by $15.7 million at December 31, 2023, versus year-end 2022 when working capital was $15.2 million. Current liabilities were 69.4% of current assets at December 31, 2023, versus 70.8% of current assets at December 31, 2022.
At December 31, 2023, we had $14.1 million drawn on our credit facility and another $26.2 million in availability, assuming continued covenant compliance. We believe our credit facility provides us with flexibility and room for short-term working capital needs as well as the capacity capitalized on potential acquisitions. We have paid a regular quarterly dividend since the third quarter of 2020. Continuing that pattern, we paid a $0.06 per common share dividend on March 15, 2024, to shareholders of record as of March 1. For the full year 2023, we paid dividends in the amount of $0.24 per common share, and we expect to continue to pay a dividend each quarter, subject to the Board's discretion. With that, I will turn the call back over to Rick for some closing comments.
Thank you, Steve. Our performance in both the fourth quarter and full year of 2023 demonstrates our ability to drive growth and profitability despite the challenging economic environment that is currently impacting the overall staffing and recruiting industry. Our focus right now is on controlling what we can control and reducing expenses to improve our bottom line. Looking long term, insiders and board members own a substantial percentage of the company, and we will manage the company with a view on allocating capital to its best and highest use and maximizing growth of earnings per share.
As always, I would like to thank our employees and franchisees for their hard work and dedication this past quarter and throughout all of 2023. We're excited for 2024 and believe that we are well positioned to continue driving long-term value for our franchises, and to our shareholders.
With that, we can now open the line to questions.
[Operator Instructions] First question comes from Kevin Steinke with Barrington Research.
I want to start off by asking about the March 1 insurance policy renewal in terms of workers' compensation. I mean how much do you think you accomplished with that relative to -- would you maybe like to accomplish going forward?
Thanks, Kevin. So I would say 2 things. One is if you -- as far as what we accomplished, I do believe that we've -- I think that in the remaining 10 months of the year, our policy, as you've stated, renewed on March 1, is that the -- that will be -- it's structured in such a way that the rates will be somewhat more adequate. Frankly, we've had rate inadequacy for really probably 2 years, and it won't be as bad. So I'm not saying that we're going to -- as we pointed out, there's about a $3.6 million net expense.
And obviously, that's not something we can obviously sustain or want to sustain. And so I think that the new structure will allow us to recover somewhere around half of that. Now part of what was in my remarks as well is 2023 also had some just had some bad development from the policy that ended on March 1, 2023. That's the type of expense you really -- it's difficult to control for. For 30 years, we've done what I think is an excellent job in controlling our expenses. We closed claims quickly. We work them very hard. We have incentives for our franchisees to make sure that we're working together to get in to close claims quickly and at a reasonable amount. But at the end of the day, it's you can never completely control what happens. And as I stated, I -- there is nothing that -- there's nothing that I've seen thus far in the '23, '24 policy that just expired, that comes anything close to what the 22-23 policy was. So I don't know if that answers your question, but I would like to think that we we will certainly narrow that gap in '24, will we achieve breakeven or profitability in the workers' comp program? Probably not. But again, that's probably not, but much closer.
Got it. That did answer my question. So I also wanted to ask about the core G&A expenses, $4.5 million in the quarter. I believe you mentioned no need for additional expenses in 2024. So is that $4.5 million of core SG&A a good run rate? Or would you potentially look to reduce expenses if the demand environment continues to be soft.
So I think that the $4.5 million per quarter is a good -- is a good number. Now can it be reduced still? Frankly, we literally already have taken steps that by the end of this month, we'll have reduced perm payroll by about another $550,000, which of course, would hit SG&A. So can we cut more? Well, yes, we already -- I'm saying we already have. That being said, the -- I think the more important way of looking at it is to the extent that we can grow, it's harder to cut at this point without cutting things that will impair our future. And so the answer to your question is if we had something that really started if our sales really dropped off a cliff, yes, there are things that we could cut.
We could probably cut an additional $500,000 to $800,000 a quarter if we needed to. The thing is, it's stuff like, let's say, software development, we could stop. We can absolutely slow down or shut some of those programs off. The problem is -- and still run the business exactly the way we are. The impact will be a year from now, 3 years from now. And so to the extent that we're able to maintain profitability and that while the environment is absolutely weak, it is absolutely weak for demand. We're still profitable. And we're still taking the viewpoint that the economy will recover at some point, whether it's in the second half of 2024 or even if it's in 2025, we want to be positioned to take advantage of that uptick. And as alluded to in my remarks, well, not even alluded to really stated is we're in a position to grow sort of like with the tech acquisition without adding any additional staff.
So do we have -- we're at a weird point. Do we have, let's say, slack capacity where we have 5 people doing what 3 people should be doing. No, we don't do. We would never ever do that. On the other hand, if you have something like franchise sales, like, okay, we're not selling franchise sale -- our franchise sales level isn't what we would expect in a really good environment. But we only we have 1 person selling franchises. So it's -- you literally go from a franchise sales effort to no effort, right? So it's like do you do that when it's a little bit weak? And the answer is, in my opinion, not at this point. But if you were truly getting to a point where your viability was being threatened, absolutely. Then you get rid of it. I don't know if that answers your question, but that's how we see things.
Yes, it does answer the question. I also wanted to just ask about -- I know you gave the the declines -- organic declines for HireQuest direct and Snelling for the full year. I don't know if you had an organic number, percentage number for either system-wide sales or franchise royalties in the fourth quarter. And the reason I ask, I'm just trying to gauge things kind of stabilized or worsened or where the demand environment stands?
So what I would say to you -- and this is more anecdotal. I don't have the exact number, and I'd be happy to have Steve reach back out to you with I'm saying with the exact number. I would say anecdotally, we had a really decent, if you recall, and you cover a bunch of companies. So it's not like you should recall this. But our first quarter of last year was actually really strong, while a lot of our competitors were down 10% already from the first quarter of 2022, we were actually flat last year. So we were way ahead. But then right around this time last year, then we saw that 10%, 12% drop. And so I would just simply say is that -- the fourth quarter was pretty much consistent with Q2 and Q3 as far as being down about, let's say, 10% or so overall from the prior from the prior period.
Now given that there were some tech sales mixed in, into the fourth quarter, you certainly could take the approach that the fourth quarter was the weakest of the 4.
Okay. All right. Understood. Just lastly, you mentioned in the earnings release that you continue to monitor the market for accretive M&A opportunities. Just wondering what the pipeline of opportunities looks like on the current economic environment.
So I would say that there is clearly almost I say this every quarter. There's always plenty of acquisition opportunities up there, out there. It's always about price. There are -- I would just simply say that there's probably a bit more distressed properties available now. That doesn't mean they're going to sell for what they should sell saying for what they should sell ecause you still have people looking at a longer time frame and thinking that they're worth what they were in 2022. But I believe that there will be no shortage of opportunities. If the staffing and recruiting industry doesn't recover by the second half of this year, like I said, I suspect that there will be a fairly pretty strong increase in opportunities at realistic prices.
Okay. Great. That's helpful.
[Operator Instructions] The next question comes from Peter Rabover from Artko Capital.
Rick, I think my questions were sort of answered, but I'll ask again. One is maybe if you could give some comments on how the year is progressing and how the economy is doing. You always give pretty good comments on that. And then you touched on capacity -- maybe I can ask it another way, but where do you think you guys have about $600 million in system-wide revenue, $580 million. What do you think your capacity is in a good economy. So just any ballpark you can give us would be great.
Yes, appreciate it. And so to answer your questions, number one, and again, what makes it a little more difficult to make those comparisons as our first quarter of last year really was pretty good. It was -- compared to the industry, it was great. And so therefore, in making comparisons, we're really almost comparing it to 2022 numbers. And so there is still weakness out there. There is absolutely weakness that's extended into the beginning of the year.
I'm really loath to say this. I mean I don't last week or 2, I'd say, am I seeing a couple of green shoots, yes, I'm seeing a couple of green shoots, but it could just as easily be a false positive. So -- but the way I view things and admittedly, I could be completely wrong. But when you think about, let's say, during the -- the staffing industry was obviously incredibly sensitive to the pandemic. And we had drop-offs of sales during the pandemic of 40%, 45%, certain jurisdictions way more. And then 2021, especially the second half of 2021, you had the most unbelievable market for staffing and recruiting really in my 34 years in the industry, I've never seen 35%. I've never seen anything like it. And so I think part of what '23, it's interesting, you've got a lot of companies that are out there, 2023 was a decent year. And then there are other ones where it's bad. I was just reading a story this morning. I was called shoot [indiscernible] It was in the Wall Street Journal. I was talking about a company that had a pandemic upswing and a pandemic downswing in how they handle their firm payroll. Or even, I guess, a better example would be, let's just say, [indiscernible], right?
During the pandemic, all of a sudden, they couldn't make enough of them. And then all of a sudden, it's like, a lot of people bought these things. And then when life returned to more normal, really, it turned out it was just '21 and '22 was really more of a cannibalization, was just a cannibalization of what maybe would have occurred in 2023. I would argue that, that's what happened to the staffing and recruiting industry in 2023, is a lot of companies went out and brought in huge amounts of staffing and recruiting because you couldn't find people. And now as things have eased off a bit normalized a bit more, it's become '23 for the staffing industry feels like a recession, even though the overall economy is certainly not in what could be described as a recession.
So all that being said, I do believe that as long as the economy writ large doesn't go into a recession, is that we'll get back to a more normal position regardless of what regardless of what happens because then things will find their equilibrium. All that's an incredibly long way of saying, so far, we haven't -- so far, our first quarter hasn't really -- has been no great shakes. Although there might be a false positive or then again, it might be green shoots really literally in the last week or 2. As far as the -- that was such a filibustering answer that I forgot the second part of your question.
Great. No, I love it. The second question was, I'm just kind of curious, especially....
I remember -- sorry, I don't mean to cut you off. I remember now. So as far as capacity, when we did the acquisition of MRI at the end of 2022, I just [ add ] if you just add it back what their system-wide sales were what ours were kind of running at that point out of -- if the economy would have stayed normal, I'd have that they say, "well, shoot " I don't know how we'd miss $700 million of system-wide sales in 2023. Well, obviously, that didn't happen. I mean clearly, that didn't happen.
Now we made certain cuts that -- had that not happened, we might have kept staffing levels a bit higher than what they were. But I would argue that we could -- so long as it's let's say, like a tech staffing type deal where it's like right down the fairway for us, I could easily see us being able to add $50 million to $100 million of sales without materially adding any without materially adding any staff. Realizing that probably 1/4 of our staff is IT. And sort of like and so you that's one of those things where that's where like you start getting into, obviously, a decline in sales really hurts us from that perspective because you don't quickly let go with programmers. You just don't -- you say you just don't do it because they're so hard to find. And so you -- and again, obviously, you're really fighting for your future. And -- but anyway, I would definitely argue that we could, like I said, $50 million to $100 million without adding any significant amount of fixed costs.
Great. That mean I appreciate all the color.
Next question comes from Mike Baker with D.A. Davidson.
Since you brought it up, wondering if you care to talk about any of the green shoots that you might be -- or potentially false positives that you're seeing, which business lines, et cetera? Just curious what you meant by that comment.
Well, we look very carefully, obviously, at how our sales track with the prior year. And clearly, it's kind of funny, we got spoiled because over the last -- most of the last 30 years, it's always up, up and up and also it's like, just kind of saying this -- it's not nearly as fun being on the downside of that. And -- but that gap has -- that gap has closed rapidly. And now this is where it could be a false -- it could be a false positive because obviously, I'm talking 1 or 2 weeks. I'm not talking -- I'm saying I'm not talking the first quarter.
So maybe we finally crossed that rubicon. Maybe the staffing industry is reaching more of its historic norm versus saying and people are, let's say, because I really do believe in 2023, a lot of what happened is that temporary employees were being replaced with perm staff and driving down the staffing industry's revenues. That's what I think. And again, I could be 100% wrong. But there was, in fact, an article I read in the Wall Street, I think it was an Wall Street journal again, but I was talking about 2 different measures of how the government accounts for the unemployment rate. Because you said the thing 3.6%, 3.7% unemployment rate is a main thing. Historically, and then almost by any definition, he [indiscernible] there and say, well, why is it then that employment companies are down. And there are 2 different surveys that take place. There's a household survey and there's a business survey. And they really come up with a lot different internal dynamics. And one of them, I don't recall which one it is. One of them SKUs kind of lumps together, I'll say, gig work and temporary work, it treats it more like a traditional permanent job. And -- but the results were a lot different when you looked at it differently.
And I really think that is part of, once again, really what we experienced in 2023. But like I said, in at least to me, economically, things always manage to find their level. And I just think sooner or later, we're going to hit that level again. And I'm just hoping it's in March of 2024 and I'm saying not 6 months from now.
Right. Understood. So if I can clarify what your point of the 2 different measures of employment is that perhaps the employment situation isn't quite as strong as it looks like in the -- was it think 3.9% was the latest number for unemployment. Was that what you were saying?
Well, or what happened is that it -- like the overall unemployment rate maybe went up a little bit but there are -- actually that there are more permanent job that basically, they are more permanent employees than there are temporary employees now or that some of the gig employees went away. It's just how you define it. And like the 3.9% may include a lot less temporary employees than the other survey. And I wish I had the article in front of me. I probably just brought it up. But I'm just simply saying there are absolutely 2 different ways of looking at it. And I'm just saying if you really -- if you think about it, why in the world -- and you can look at any staffing company's numbers, they're all down.
Well, why are we all down when in reality, the economy is still growing. That shouldn't happen. In absence of -- really in absence of either a shift away from temporary workers, which may be part -- again, which I would call it the Peloton effect or or it's just the way things have been -- again, it was just that surge in demand. And unquestionably, 2022 was an incredible year for temporary staffing simply because nobody could find employees. And so it's -- and maybe it's just a decrease off of a fall that's a possibility. And like I said, it could be explained within how the numbers are because, again, because then you would go back and ask that question. but unemployment hasn't gone up that much, in the world, are you down 10%?
Okay. We have no further questions in queue. I'd like to turn the floor back to management for any closing remarks.
Well, again, I want to thank each of you for joining us today. The economy remains a challenge for the staffing industry. And as I alluded to, the first quarter isn't shaping up significantly better. But I think that one of the important parts of my remarks to just keep in perspective is that since the beginning of 2021, we have grown -- we've done $76 million of acquisitions, $400 million increase in system-wide sales. And keeping in mind that $400 million into '23, which was actually a relatively weak year, and yet we retain only a little more than $13 million of debt on our balance sheet. And so we are generating nice amounts of cash flow. And while many of our peers have lost money in '23, we remain profitable the same way we did during the pandemic, and we're set up great for the future. And so we appreciate your continued interest in the company and your continued partnership with us. And so with that, I want to again thank you and look forward to speaking to you in another 6 or 8 weeks. Thanks a lot.
Thank you. This concludes today's conference, and you may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.