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Good morning, and welcome to the Nuvve Holding Corp. First Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note, this event is being recorded.
On today's call are Gregory Kolon (sic) [ Poilasne ], Chief Executive Officer; and David Robson, Chief Financial Officer of Nuvve. Earlier today, Nuvve issued a press release announcing its first quarter 2024 results. Following prepared remarks, we will be opening the call up for questions.
Before we begin, I would like to remind you that this call may contain forward-looking statements. While these forward-looking statements reflect Nuvve's best current judgment, they are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those implied by these forward-looking projections. These risk factors are discussed in Nuvve's filings with the SEC and in the earnings release issued today, which are available on our website. Nuvve undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements to reflect future events or circumstances.
With that, I would like to turn the call over to Gregory Poilasne, Chief Executive Officer of Nuvve. Gregory?
Thank you, and good afternoon to everyone here today. Thank you for joining our first quarter 2024 results call. We are pleased to have the opportunity to update you on the progress we are making in scaling our business and positioning Nuvve for our future growth.
The global environment in the electric vehicle space remains tough. The negative perception is real, especially in the consumer space. We can also see that through the outcomes of companies such as [indiscernible] Tritium, and free space such as Proterra.
Since Nuvve became a public company, our focus has been on the School Bus business, which is heavily supported by EPA funding. This funding is essential for school districts to adopt clean transportation and bring the cost of school buses down. The current process of reducing funding makes the adoption [ Accurium ] like in nature. School districts are waiting for the outcome of the funding before making the decisions. The first quarter 2024 as always been expected to be in between 2 different fundings, and we have known it, it will be soft.
We remain very excited about our leadership position in the School Bus space, and it's still one of our key revenue drivers for 2024, so it makes the revenue very lumpy.
In order to smooth out our revenue and expand our business, we have recently announced 2 key projects. The first one is with the Fresno Economic Opportunities Commission. In January, we announced that Nuvve has been selected by the Board of the Commission to deliver on the $16 million transportation and renewable energy project. I can share with you today that we have signed a contract with Fresno EOC to execute on these projects, one key subsidies have been finalized, which we expect to be over the next 60 days.
As a reminder, these projects include the deployment of 60-plus charging stations, 2.5 megawatt of solar generation and 1.6 megawatt hour of batteries. Nuvve will not only drive the project development, but through its GIVe platform, Nuvve will manage the energy on the sites for the next 10 years. We are proud to support the Fresno EOC in achieving its vision in deploying clean transportation and renewable energy generation in order to reduce the pollution in the Fresno County. We also now expect that the initial $16 million will be recognized over the next 24 months.
In February, we also announced that Nuvve has been selected in partnership with e-Formula, a prominent Taiwanese energy solution provider, in order to deliver on a project driven by Thai Power Corporation. This project based in Shinshu include 90-plus charging stations for shuttles, solar and storage. Though the contract negotiations are being finalized, the project is not only exciting on its own, but it opens the door to many other projects on this island. You can find more details on our V2G hub projects on our hub website www.NuvveV2GHubs.com.
As we have announced in 2023, battery deployments are always associated with the EV deployments. The capabilities of our platform to manage EV batteries make it perfect to manage both EV and stationary storage or stationary storage alone. In this critical moment of electrification of transportation, our platform is the only one to provide a common place of electrification and energy management while providing great services. The integration of electric vehicles into the electric system is extremely challenging when also considering for many other segments that are increasing the electric energy consumption. We have always said that V2G is key to such integration. We are pleased to see that a couple of weeks ago was held a very significant conference on V2G in San Diego, the city where Nuvve was founded and where we are headquartered.
But I keep on asking what is V2G if it does not provide a service to the end users. V2G is a great technology, but to get it adopted, it requires to articulate the value proposition. We have developed our value proposition around 3 aspects: vehicle readiness, guaranteeing to the user of the vehicle to be ready when they need it; energy management, which includes the trade-off between charging the vehicle at the lowest cost and providing great services in order to generate revenue; and finally, battery life extension based on always charging the battery at the exact level that the driver needs.
The combination of our game platform that manages the electric vehicle batteries and stationary surge in real time, with [ Austria ], our AI platform for the forecasting allows us to truly provide these services. Some of our competitors are using these terms that very often without experience in doing it.
But the first step in the EV adoption should never be neglected. The deployment phase where fleet managers are often left alone in making key decisions without the proper information. On our website, www.nuvve.com, you can find multiple testimonials for different customers, emphasizing how we have been here to help them, execute their EV deployment vision and solve the different problems along the way. I'm proud of Nuvve's service and the feedback that we are getting.
Before I pass the microphone to David, I want to reaffirm our expectations for this year's 2024 of $15 million to $20 million of revenue. We are managing our destiny, and we are executing our business plan to achieve our target.
Thanks, Gregory. I will start with a recap of first quarter 2024 results. In the first quarter, we generated total revenues of $780,000 compared to $1.85 million in the first quarter of 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by the reduction in charger hardware sales impacted by the timing of EPA funding award. Margins on product and service revenues were 34.7% for the first quarter of 2024 compared to 21.2% in the year ago period. The increase is primarily due to a higher mix of service revenues and improved pricing on hardware sales this quarter compared with last year.
As a reminder, margins can be lumpy from quarter-to-quarter depending on the mix. DC charger gross margins at standard pricing generally range from 15% to 25%, while AC charger gross margins are approximately 50%. But in dollar terms are a small fraction of the revenue of the DC charger. Risk service revenue margins are generally 30%, while software and engineering service margins are as high as 100%.
Operating costs, excluding cost of sales was $7.5 million for the first quarter of 2024 compared to $7.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2023 and $8.3 million in the first quarter of 2022. We have continued to drive efficiencies through 2023 and into 2024, resulting in lower overhead costs. We expect to realize additional improvements in our operating expenses in future quarters this year.
Cash operating expenses, excluding cost of sales, stock compensation and depreciation and amortization expense declined to $6.3 million in the first quarter of 2024 versus $6.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2023 and $7.2 million in the first quarter of 2023. Other income was $0.5 million in the first quarter of 2024, up from $0.2 million in the year ago quarter. The current period benefits from a noncash gain from the change in the fair value of warrants.
Net loss attributable to newly common stockholders decreased in the first quarter of 2024 to $6.7 million from a net loss of $7.7 million in Q1 of 2023. The improvement was primarily a result of lower operating expenses this quarter compared to the first quarter of 2023.
Now turning to our balance sheet. We had approximately $5.3 million in cash as of March 31, 2024, excluding $0.5 million in restricted cash, which represents an increase of $3.7 million from December 2023. The increase was a result of net capital raise of $8.5 million during the quarter, primarily offset by $4.7 million used in operating activities.
During the quarter, inventories increased by $0.2 million to $6.1 million at March 31, 2024, as we purchased additional DC charging stations to support our sales pipeline. Accounts payable at the end of the first quarter of 2024 decreased by $0.2 million to $1.5 million. At the end of the first quarter of 2024, the balance sheet reflects the addition of a warrant liability related to warrants issued in connection to our capital raise in January. The warrants were valued at $3.8 million on the issuance date and $3.1 million at March 31, 2024, resulting in a $700,000 gain during the quarter recorded to other income.
Now turning to our megawatts under management and estimated future grid service revenues. As a remainder, megawatts under management is a metric we use to quantify the aggregated amount of electrical capacity from the deployment of our V1G and V2G chargers, which are primarily deployed in the electric school bus market in the U.S. and in light duty fleet deployments in Europe, in addition to stationary batteries. Currently, these chargers and batteries are located throughout the United States, Europe and Japan.
Megawatts under management in the first quarter increased 6% over the fourth quarter of 2023, 26.6 from 25.1, a 45.4% increase compared to the first quarter of 2023. In terms of its composition, 7.1 megawatts were from stationary batteries and 19.5 megawatts were from EV chargers. We continue to expect an acceleration in our megawatts under management as we go through the remainder of the year and continue to commission our backlog of customer orders we have earned in '23 and the beginning of 2024. In addition to new business, we anticipate winning which we have visibility to in our pipeline for both EV chargers and stationary batteries.
Now turning to backlog, on March 31, our hardware and service backlog reached a milestone record for Nuvve at $19 million, increasing by $15.1 million from $3.9 million at December 31, 2023. Our hub project in Fresno, California, which we closed during Q1 of this year was the primary driver of the increase.
That concludes my portion of the prepared remarks. Gregory, back to you to conclude.
Thanks, David. Though this first quarter 2024 has been soft, this does not come as a surprise. Our expectations for 2024 have not changed. We expect the School Bus business to pick up in the second and third quarter with the EPA Round 2 and Round 3. We are also executing on the awards that we have received at the beginning of the year with some of them contributing to our 2024 revenue. We look forward to sharing more with you in the near future.
[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Brian Dobson with Chardan.
It's Greg Pendy in for Brian Dobson. Just a question. In light of the $15 million to $20 million in revenue guidance and right now, it looks like the inventory uptick to, I think you said $6.1 million. How much -- what do you think a normalized year-end inventory level could be? Do you think it could be around $2 million? Or just trying to get a feel where the $15 million to $20 million, how much you can burn off for working capital and inventory?
Greg, I think that inventory level can come down a couple more million dollars between now and the end of the year. Of course, it really depends on the timing of when we deliver orders. But I think about it as, call it, longer term, 3 to 4 months of inventory on hand of future sales.
Okay. And then just one more question. You mentioned the EPA rounds hitting in 2Q and 3Q. Can you kind of give us a little bit more color on notable dates that we should be looking out for within those 2 quarters?
David, do you want to take that?
Greg, I just cut out 1 second. Can you just repeat it one more time? I didn't hear.
Sure. Sorry about that. Just in light of the EPA around hitting in 2Q and 3Q, can you call out any notable dates we should be looking out that would be publicly released on some of these school bus orders or time lines?
From what Gregory said in his remarks, is really the timing of when we see those announcements coming out in the Q2 to Q3 timing, but I don't have any more precision on that.
Okay. No problem. All right.
And may be to answer more the question there is really about when we get the orders from the school districts, right? So I mean the Round 2, there are a few -- they are some that could be larger orders, and so we might publicize that. But it's really -- the time line is really in the hand of the school districts very often, right?
This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Gregory Poilasne for any closing remarks.
We appreciate everybody listening in today, and we are looking forward to sharing more with you on the progress we are making. We're very excited about 2024 and on. And looking forward to our communication at -- for about Q2. Thank you. Bye-bye.
The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.