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Good day, and welcome, everyone, to the Q1 2021 Comfort Systems USA Earnings Conference Call. My name is Matt, and I will be your operator today. [Operator Instructions].
And with that, I'd like to hand over to Julie Shaeff, Chief Accounting Officer. Julie, please go ahead.
Thanks, Matt. Good morning. Welcome to Comfort Systems USA's first quarter earnings call. Our comments this morning as well as our press releases contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Act of 1995. What we will say today is based on the current plans and expectations of Comfort Systems USA. Those plans and expectations include risks and uncertainties that might cause these actual future activities and results of our operations to be materially different from those set forth in our comments. You can read a detailed listing and commentary concerning our specific risk factors in our most recent Form 10-K and Form 10-Q as well as in our press release covering these earnings.
A slide presentation has been provided as a companion to our remarks. The presentation is posted on the Investor Relations section of the company's website found at comfortsystemsusa.com.
Joining me on the call today are Brian Lane, President and Chief Executive Officer; Trent McKenna, Chief Operating Officer; and Bill George, Chief Financial Officer.
Brian will open our remarks.
Okay. Thanks, Julie. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us on the call today.
We are pleased to report a strong start to 2021. Earnings improved substantially with earnings per share of $0.73 compared to $0.48 in the pandemic-impacted first quarter of last year. This quarter, we achieved unprecedented first quarter cash generation, thanks to strong execution as well as the receipt of large advanced payments, served orders and projects. Our backlog has also strengthened sequentially, and we see good trends in underlying activity levels, especially in our industrial, technology and modular markets. Overall, we are optimistic about our prospects for the next several quarters.
I will discuss our business and outlook in more detail in a few minutes. But first, let me turn this call over to Bill to review our financial performance. Bill?
Thanks, Brian. Good morning, everyone. As Brian said, our results were again very strong. First quarter revenue was $670 million, a decrease of $30 million compared to the same quarter last year. Our same-store revenue declined by $83 million. However, our recent acquisitions added approximately $53 million in revenue this quarter. You may recall that last year, we had large data center work ongoing in Texas, and that created high revenue in the comparable period. We will continue to face a tough revenue comparison in the second quarter of 2021, but to a lesser extent than this quarter.
Gross profit was $123 million for the first quarter of 2021, an increase of $6 million, and gross profit as a percentage of revenue rose to 18.4% in the first quarter of 2021 compared to 16.7% for the first quarter of 2020. The improvement in gross margin results from stronger margins in electrical.
SG&A expense was $88 million or 13.2% of revenue for the first quarter of 2021 compared to $93 million or 13.3% of revenue for the first quarter of 2020. On a same-store basis, SG&A declined by $6 million -- $11 million. That decrease included a $6 million reduction in bad debt expense as last year's collectibility concerns for retail and other customers are trending better than we've predicted. The remainder of the decline in SG&A was the result of cost discipline.
Our 2021 tax rate was 24.8% compared to 27.6% in 2020. Our current year tax rate benefited from permanent differences related to stock-based compensation, and we expect it to trend upwards into our normal range for the full year.
Overall net income for the first quarter of 2021 was $26 million or $0.73 per share as compared to $18 million or $0.48 per share in 2020. For our first quarter, EBITDA was $51 million, a 39% improvement over last year, and our trailing 12-month EBITDA is a record $264 million.
Free cash flow in the first quarter was $80 million as compared to $15 million in Q1 2020. This year's -- this quarter's free cash flow is far higher than we've ever achieved in the first quarter, as we received advanced payments on large projects that are commencing and our lower same-store revenue led to some temporary harvesting of working capital. As we execute these projects over the next few quarters, and if organic revenue improved in the second half as expected, we will see some absorption of working capital.
Our free cash flow over the trailing 12-month period is $330 million, and that strong performance has returned our leverage to well under 1x EBITDA despite our many ongoing and recent acquisitions.
That's all I have, Brian, for financials.
Okay. Thanks, Bill. I'm going to spend a few minutes discussing our backlog and markets. I will also comment on our outlook for the remainder of 2021.
Backlog at the end of the first quarter of 2021 was $1.66 billion. We believe that the effects of the pandemic are beginning to subside as same-store backlog increased sequentially by nearly $150 million or 10%. Although we expect some delays in bookings will continue through the second quarter, we remain optimistic about trends for the second half of the year. Overall, we are very comfortable with the backlog we have across our operating locations.
We are seeing good trends in the underlying activity levels, especially in our industrial, technology and modular markets. Our industrial revenue was 40% of total revenue in the first quarter. We expect this sector to continue to grow as the majority of the revenues at our newer companies of TAS and TEC are industrial. And industrial is heavily represented in new backlog.
Institutional markets, which include education, health care and government were 35% of our revenue, and that is roughly consistent with what we saw in 2020. The commercial sector is now about 25% of our revenue.
For the first quarter of 2021, we construction was 77% of our revenue, with 45% from construction projects for new buildings and 32% from construction projects in existing buildings. Service was 23% of our first quarter 2021 revenue, with service projects providing 9% of revenue and pure service, including hourly work, providing 14% of revenue. Year-over-year service revenue is up approximately 4% with improved profitability.
We are seeing good opportunities in indoor air quality, which has helped many of our service departments return to prepandemic volumes. The high new interest in IAQ plays to our strength of solving problems for our customers, and air quality considerations help us differentiate ourselves in both service and construction. Our mechanical segment continues to perform extremely well. Our electrical gross margins improved from 5.5% in the first quarter of 2020 to 14.7% this year.
Finally, our outlook. Our backlog strengthened this quarter and the effects of the pandemic are fading. We expect some continued organic revenue declines in the second quarter of 2021, but less than we experienced in the current quarter. We continue to see strong project development and planning activities among our customers, especially in technology and other industrial verticals. Our large operations are in places where companies continue to invest, such as Texas, North Carolina, Florida and Virginia. It was 1 year ago that we reported our first quarter at a time when everyone was adjusting to the risk and uncertainty of the pandemic. Looking back at our success over the last year, I am more grateful than ever for how our people overcame unprecedented challenges and for their undaunted courage and perseverance on customer sites across our nation. I really thank them. We will continue to work hard to keep our workforce and our community healthy and safe.
We look forward to continued strong profitability and good cash flow in 2021, and our strong pipeline makes us optimistic about activity levels in the second half of this year and into 2022. We will continue to invest in our workforce and to improve our formidable mechanical and electrical businesses in existing and new geographies. Thank you once again to all our employees for their hard work and dedication.
I will now turn it back over to Matt for questions. Thank you.
[Operator Instructions]. And the first question is coming from Adam Thalhimer.
Great quarter.
Adam, thanks a lot.
Bill, how do you see SG&A trending this year?
So I think that there is -- if there's a slight upward pressure, it will be because travel starts to resume and we begin to do more -- we continued our training, but it was online. We'll get back to some more in-person training.
But in general, I'm really, really happy with our SG&A. If you have told me we'd have this kind of same-store revenue decline and have -- still get SG&A leverage, I would have been -- I am thrilled. And I actually think we've got good control on our SG&A. Now, we'll stay in that 13%, a little above that level most likely, until revenue starts to pick up later in the year. But yes, no, I -- we feel great about that.
And just to add on to that, Adam, it just goes to show the great job that the operating companies do, do in monitoring the overhead and not bringing it back until we really need it. So they've done a terrific job.
Okay. And then I kind of hate when people ask companies this question because what are you going to say? But on acquisitions, you guys have done such great job. And you usually don't do big acquisitions during the construction season. So is the best chance for something kind of next winter? What are you seeing out there, I guess, is the question?
So here's what we're seeing. We're seeing really good activity, people who really value what it would mean to be a part of Comfort Systems, the fact that their company is not put up for sale the day after they sell it and that we are going to bring their balance sheet into our balance sheet and make them a part of us and that we're a forever buyer. So that's very attractive to people.
At the same time, there are some corners of the market without -- if you're willing to let your company be levered up and endangered, they'll -- you can get really, really good sort of sticker pricing. The structure might not be -- might have some drawbacks, but the sticker that they'll give -- the pricing that they'll give you is pretty high. So to boil that down, I really like our chance of buying some of the kind of companies that really fit with us, that value the same things that we value.
And as far as the timing for that, we do tend to do our standalones in the winter, and -- but sometimes they happen in the summer. You have to take them when they're ready to sell. And what -- the biggest variable right now is what people think is happening with tax rates, right? So a lot of that may be dependent on whether they backdate the date. They have good -- when we buy companies, they're usually people we've been talking to for a long time, right? We don't try to work somebody into a frenzy. We buy them when it makes sense for them and for us because it's a long game.
Okay. And then just a quick one on kind of how you guys see EPS shaken out this year. Because there was some language last quarter about not matching a very strong 2020, and that was removed.
Yes. So this is a hard year to comment on because there were a lot of moving pieces last year, right? So we had the first quarter where, really, we were very conservative when we closed our books because we thought, "Oh, productivity is about to be destroyed by COVID considerations." So we had a very easy comparable in the first quarter.
By the end of the second quarter, it was clear that the productivity loss was less than we had feared, and we have room in a lot of our guaranteed maximum jobs. So we had a really strong -- we earned $1.08 last year in the second quarter. That's a tough comparable, if you're being honest.
And then in the second half, how you would view that would depend on -- we had 2 discrete items, one in each of the last 2 quarters. Everybody knows that. They're in last year's press releases there. You can dig them up all over the place. But we got $0.17 in the third quarter of last year when we settled an R&D tax audit from the 2014 and 2015 calendar years. So that was $0.17. That's just really, really discrete. And then the fourth quarter, in part, because COVID had affected the results of some of our bigger and recent acquisitions, we had pickups from our earn-outs where -- when it became clear we might not be paying out quite as much as we had expected, and that was $0.18.
So I know the analysts took those off. We think we have a good chance of being in the range of sort of those -- the numbers we earned last year, not counting those extraordinary, in some cases -- in one case, noncash item. But obviously, really tough comparables this year if you add in those extraordinary pickups. Is that clear? I know that's a lot.
Well, it sounds like a tweak better than before. You're not telling us to go nuts, but it's not firmly down the way we might have thought a couple of months ago.
So it turns out we'd have to go put in some pipes, yes.
No, but in general, we are optimistic about the year, Adam.
The next question is coming from Brent Thielman.
Brian, the industrial bucket as a percentage of the revenue pie is as large as I can remember. Love to just get some flavor of what the bigger drivers of that are in terms of the market that sort of make up that bucket?
Yes. I'll go first, and I'll see Bill wants to follow-on. But yes, it's the biggest we've ever had it. We've talked a lot about the recent acquisitions, heavy industrial focus. Obviously, data centers right now in technology is a big component of that today. But also including that, we're seeing a lot of good pharma and food processing opportunities as well, Brent. So I think those would be the 3 largest areas that we're looking at the moment.
Bill, anything else that you want to add?
Yes. Our strength in the Mid-Atlantic and in the Southeast is very geographically tied with where people are -- companies are investing that money. And they also -- there's another little just structural issue, which is we bought this great company, TEC, in Tennessee at December 31 of last year. That company is 100% industrial. It's a company in the roughly $100 million revenue range. So the full year of those guys will bring in -- will just that's going to add industrial just as they age in, as they storm their way into those numbers.
And Brent, in terms of that sector going forward, we're still seeing plenty of opportunities. And as I mentioned in the script, it's got a lot of legs to it in the industrial sector going forward.
Commercial is a section that's been shrinking for us, right? But I just want to mention, on an absolute basis, it stayed pretty constant for us. It's just that the other sectors have gotten bigger. I will also say a lot of commercial, especially office building, is built by developers. And they're very sensitive to first cost, right? Like we'll build office space for pharma companies, but it's incorporated into something that has mixed use.
But true office building is often built by developers. And they will frequently -- they may not plan to own the asset after they build it, after they develop it. They will frequently really be bid-oriented. And a lot of our guys would much rather negotiate work right now. So there's some natural structural things that are making commercial be a little bit better fit for our competitors maybe than for us.
But on that front, we're still seeing a lot of good service opportunities, and we'll have some IAQ opportunities on the commercial office building.
Right? Commercial service is great. If you think -- that's the majority of our service business. It's a good place for us.
Okay. That's helpful. Yes. I guess just thinking about some of the hesitation in the market among your customers seems to be abating, from what I take from your comment here. Maybe you could just talk a little bit about what -- where are you seeing continued delays and what are the reasons behind that? Is it access to contractors like yourselves? Is it just the economy? What are you kind of hearing from customers there?
So I wouldn't really call it hesitation. When I talked to our guys, it was more the case that it just wasn't a good time to start stuff, right? In the middle of COVID, you have to go get soil, plans and county approvals and lots of offices were closed. So I would not say it was hesitation in the sense that -- in general, our customers, the kind of customers we're talking about we're all -- wanted to build stuff. And I think it was just more functionally -- some air pockets were created by that. And I would say it's just a matter of this work getting started sort of in an orderly manner. It's not...
Yes. Brent, the pace has picked up in terms of what we're looking at, in terms of stuff we're reviewing here, decisions being made quicker. So you can see -- at least I can feel a significant change in pace.
Okay. And then I guess a question on the electrical segment. I mean, margins has snapped back to -- well, to the levels that you guys have talked about before a lot faster than I thought. And I'm curious, what portion of that comes from the kind of refocus initiatives you've done internally versus some of the acquisitions you've done. And then how we got think about the margins going forward for that segment because it's a big change from last year.
Yes, yes. So I'll go first and then Bill can comment. But thanks for the question there. First of all, about Walker, which we've talked about over a year now. Walker has always been a really -- an elite electrical contractor in this state of Texas. That has not changed. Their work is tremendous. I just think, over time, they probably refocused themselves on the customer base that they were pursuing and stopped certain sectors add on that. Hopefully, we've been able to help them, a little bit of training some technology, et cetera.
But at the end of the day, it comes down to the folks in the field doing the work. They've always done really good work. Probably just a touch of refocusing. They've always been a great company. So I'm really happy for them, that all the work they put in over the last year really did start to come to a fruition for them in the first quarter. And Bill, you want to talk about this one?
Just that one specific question you said about how much of the improvement came from. So TEC is 100% in our electrical segment. Actually, TEC stands for Tennessee Electrical Contractors, and they are -- they have the oldest license to do electrical work in the state of Tennessee. And -- but they do all -- they do a mix of really, really complex industrial service and projects nowadays. They -- believe it or not, their margins were within 100 basis points of Walker's margins. So they're the two main parts of our electrical. And Walker's margins are fully back into the same range as TEC reported this quarter. So it wasn't a mix this year.
But we are glad to see it.
Sure. Well, congrats on a great quarter and best of luck here going forward.
All right. Thank you.
And the next one is coming from Julio Romero.
How do you think your service business progresses throughout the year? Should the growth rate outpace new construction? Or maybe how much of the overall revenue mix does service make up in '21?
Service has been hovering around 20% to 25%. I think you'll see it outpace construction. We continue to grow it. It's very methodical. We will continue to invest in it, both in hiring people and training. We're seeing some good opportunities come out of indoor air quality front in terms of volume. And I think that will continue to be a great, steady growth and cash flow opportunity for us over a long period of time.
Yes. You know what's interesting about service is that they -- service has -- even though service has been shrinking as a percentage of revenue, it's never gone down. It's got nothing but growth for us. And it's twice as big as it was just a few years ago, but it's 3 or 4x as profitable, which is what we really care about. And at the end of the day, it's got really a good prospect.
If you think about it, it's had more organic growth than construction, right? Construction, a lot of that growth has come from acquisitions, although we've grown in construction. Especially in industrial, we've really developed a new sort of level of capability. But service has done great overall. It's just that our acquisitions have been a lot of industrial project companies and things like that.
But we have a big focus on it, continue to grow it, and we will keep the pedal to the metal on service.
Got it. And on the IAQ opportunity, I think -- I'm not sure if someone asked about education earlier. But I understand that IAQ is driving more school work activity, but I did see the revenue in education declined in the quarter. So I don't know if you can help us kind of square those two things.
Yes. I think we're in the early days of reallocation of the funds to school. We've done a lot of work, researching very specifically where the money is going. We have a lot of very good relationships with school systems. So I think you'll see that continue to grow here as people get a better understanding and schools have a better understanding of what they actually want to do. But we can do anything they need us to do. And I anticipate that will be picking up, I think, pretty soon now that they've allocated the money to it.
By the way, a little structural factor. If you're comparing the first quarter to the full year, ton of school work happens in the summer.
Yes.
So you're -- so that's not -- that wouldn't be surprising.
Yes. That makes a lot of sense. So I mean, I guess, quotation is going off in education and kind of overall activity levels, as you see it. And it's just a matter of those funds being allocated and just kind of translating to revenue over time.
Yes. They're sharing what they want to do.
Right. Okay. And I guess just the last question for me is -- it's a minor one, but there was a mention of a Utah acquisition within the quarter in the Q. So I don't know if you could talk about that acquisition and how it fits within the broader mechanical segment.
Yes. So that was a plumbing company. Fantastic little company with unbelievable relationships. And it was just an addition to our already very attractive business in Utah. We wanted to get stronger in Utah, and we have never regretted buying a truly good plumbing company.
That's for sure.
And so they -- and it's really along the lines of we love fantastic people and workforces. But I think the range -- the size of that was $20 million or $30 million of revenue, so just not something we'd break out.
Happy to have them, though.
And the next one is coming from Sean Eastman.
I guess just continuing on the discussion around the funky comparables on earnings. Maybe we can have the same discussion just on same-store growth. Anything you can point out on the cadence of same-store growth trends as we move through the balance of the year?
Yes. So I'm glad you asked, actually. So same-store, we were down 11.8% first quarter 2021 over first quarter 2020. A big part of that was very, very heavy data center, like hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of people on some data center jobs in the fourth and first quarter of last year. So although we will face same-store revenue headwind in the second quarter, we'll not be near the last -- if there was, let's say, a 12% in the first quarter, we'll be low to mid-single digits most likely, best guess, in the second quarter. And then for the rest of the year, we think we have manageable revenue comparables.
Having said that, I would say, work is starting. And that can -- a month's delay. It is -- one of the reasons we are positive about 2022, which is not like us this early in the year, is we have so much work starting in the second half of this year, but of course, it has to go into 2022. But there is -- like some of that timing could matter a little bit, right? So having said that, they're fair comparables in the second half of the year. I have hard time telling you we'd be up much, but we shouldn't be down.
Yes. I agree.
Okay. That's helpful. And there's just a lot of discussion across the kind of industrial world these days about supply chain disruption, cost inflation. I mean, are those elements you guys are monitoring? Anything to point out in terms of what we should kind of kind of track as it relates to flow through to fix?
Yes. It's a good question. Obviously, we monitor it. We have long-term great relationships with all our vendors. We work closely with them. We'll continue to do so. It's really up and down depending on where it is. So far, equipment has all been good, no problems. Steel and copper, you've probably heard it, I'm sure, 20 times now, pricing up but there is availability. But nothing that's really impacting us at the moment. We're functioning, our job sites are going and nothing has been delayed so far. So we'll continue to monitor it, but it's healthier. But thank God, we have the relationships that we do have.
Thank you, everyone. There are no further questions. So I'd like to turn it back to Brian for closing remarks.
Okay, Matt. In closing, I want to once again thank all our wonderful employees and everyone for joining us on the call this morning. We're looking forward to seeing you again, of course, and soon, hopefully. But in the meanwhile, please stay safe and healthy. Thank you very much. Have a good rest of your day.
Thank you very much, Brian. Thank you, everyone. Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes the call for today. You may now disconnect. Thank you for joining, and enjoy the rest of your day.