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Good morning. My name is Rob, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I'd like to welcome everyone to the Rite Aid Corporation Fourth Quarter Fiscal Year 2023 Earnings Conference Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Thank you.
Byron Purcell, Vice President, Investor Relations and Treasurer, you may begin your conference.
Thank you, Rob, and good morning, everyone. We welcome you to our fiscal 2023 fourth quarter earnings call.
Elizabeth "Busy" Burr, Interim Chief Executive Officer; and Matt Schroeder, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, will begin the call with prepared remarks. Chris DuPaul, Chief Operating Officer of Elixir, will also join the call during the question-and-answer session.
As we mentioned in our release, we're providing slides related to the materials we'll be discussing today. These slides are provided on our website, investors.riteaid.com. While management will not be speaking directly to these slides, these slides are meant to facilitate your review of the company's financial results and to be used as a reference document following the call.
Before we start, I'd like to remind you that today's conference call includes certain forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are presented in the context of certain risks and uncertainties that can cause actual results to differ. These risks and uncertainties are described in our press release in Item 1A of our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and in other documents we will file or furnish to the SEC.
Also, we'll be using certain non-GAAP measures in our release and in the accompanying slides. The definition of the non-GAAP measures, along with the reconciliation to the related GAAP measures, are described in our press release and the slides.
And with that, let me turn it over to Busy.
Welcome, everyone, and thank you for joining our Q4 earnings call.
I realized that this is the first time that many of you are hearing from me as the Rite Aid Interim CEO appointed by the Board on January 9. I'm thankful to the Board for choosing me to manage the business during a critical time when urgency and focus is needed and happy to serve until such time as a permanent CEO is hired. As a Board member for the last three years, this assignment is especially important to me. I'm singularly focused on making progress and ensuring we do not lose any time while conducting our search for a permanent CEO.
Rite Aid, as you know, with the longstanding trusted U.S. brand in the retail pharmacy space, [as is] (ph) Elixir in the PBM space, we've been a highly leveraged company for many years, which has limited our ability to invest in the business and keep up with our competitors. Before I share more on what we are doing to return our business to growth, I'll briefly cover Q4.
Q4 adjusted EBITDA of $129 million was above the midpoint of our guidance and better than analyst expectations of $101 million and prior year Q4 of $106 million. The main drivers were: front-end sales comps, excluding cigarettes and tobacco products, of 2.8%; SG&A improvements from cost reductions initiatives and store closures; and script comp of 5.2% or 9.7% excluding COVID, demonstrating share gains over the last five quarters for a total of 50 basis points to 11.2%, according to IQVIA.
As pleased as we are about Q4, our focus is on the future and what lies ahead. We anticipate many headwinds for fiscal year '24, none of which are a surprise, but we need to plan for them. As in the past several years, we expect reimbursement rates to be under pressure, cycling COVID benefits to add to the challenge, and wage inflation and shrink to eat into earnings. We've also lost ground in the PBM market from a loss of a large health plan account, and the plan shrinking of our Med D business.
I know that litigation faced by us and many others in the industry is on your minds. We are actively managing those matters and defending ourselves. We've engaged excellent legal counsel and the anticipated cost to defend ourselves is factored into our guidance. But as you all know, litigation is a process that takes time.
That being said, there are great opportunities for us to be very successful. There is a fundamental consumer need for pharmacy services, for both individuals and companies. At Rite Aid, we serve these needs through both our retail and PBM businesses, respectively. We have a trusted and iconic brand and attractive retail footprint and a long history of serving millions of customers built over the years largely through our pharmacists.
Specifically, the role of the pharmacist has become an increasingly important, trusted, ubiquitous, and efficient option for the delivery of healthcare services to consumers. And this is part of our core value proposition. We augment this with digital and remote capabilities to support customers in their preferred channels.
We have a lot of work to do to seize the opportunity given the pressures I mentioned. There's a sense of urgency that the Board and I have brought to Rite Aid. Simply put, we need to grow the core, prescriptions and retail, and grow the PBM, all while continuing to make the company more efficient. We will not be chasing long shots, but rather we are immediately focusing on the core areas of our business with initiatives that have high- and nearer-term ROIs. We also need to do this while carefully managing our capital structure.
On a macro level, last fall, Rite Aid started the implementation as an established turnaround model that has been used at numerous companies to successfully turnaround their business. While you've heard the term turnaround used before, this is different. We are partnering with a leading consulting firm that has worked with several Fortune 150 companies to execute a highly prescriptive and programmatic model, that has a rapid cadence and analytical rigor, and currently engages associates from across the Rite Aid enterprise. We believe that this model, that is geared to drive performance and acceleration across the enterprise, will enable us to organize effectively and efficiently to capture value and drive growth.
I am also well aware we need to prove it. It begins with leadership. And as you have seen, we are not afraid to make changes and significant ones as needed. To execute our turnaround, we have both eliminated some position at up level talent and capabilities by adding new positions and bringing in new perspectives. In addition to a new CEO, we've added a new Head of marketing, a new Head of Merchandising, a new Head of Procurement, a new Head of Transformation and a new Head of FP&A to bring in new discipline and expertise to our operations and business.
The turnaround model has given us visibility to the profitability opportunities we believe we'll drive; we can drive over the next three years by focusing on improvements and growth in our core businesses. Many of the opportunities are simply catching up to things our peers do better than us today. We believe this effort will position the core business for growth longer term. Here are a few examples of turnaround initiatives in the three core areas of the business.
In our pharmacy business, we're continuing to invest in med adherence. For example, we've seen a nearly 150 basis point increase in adherence from our Courtesy Refill Program. From industry benchmarking, we believe continued investment in this program has the potential to bring significant upside. We are scaling a successful Q4 pilot initiative that produced a 60 basis point reduction in abandoned scripts to enhance message timing and content. At scale, just 1% improvement could drive a material impact on adjusted EBITDA.
In the front-end, we're optimizing inventory to improve our in-store experience and increase working capital. Initiatives include space productivity efforts and replacing categories that are over-spaced with faster growing categories. We are able to reduce inventory by $40 million in fiscal year '23 and we will be deploying further inventory controls this year. We're implementing a store clustering initiative to enable regional assortments and improve our product relevancy based on the success of the regionally focused product assortment [indiscernible]. We're improving our pricing analytics and capabilities by increasing the number of price zones and creating a variable price zone structure. We began to realize gross margin benefits from the initial pricing tests.
In Elixir, we're continuing to focus on client retention through things like improved reporting and pricing competitiveness. We have already secured three of our top five renewals. We're continuing our efforts to improve procurement economics, specifically through contributions from plan design administration, formulary and rebate management services and network performance. We're taking steps to optimize our specialty and mail pharmacies with expanded access to networks and new limited distribution drugs. We've already gained access to two of the four largest Medicare networks.
Last year -- lastly, we're working on efficiency, productivity and, of course, cost reductions across the business. Examples include: rebuilding our indirect buying process and renegotiating better contracts; tackling and reducing our lease burden through extensive lease renegotiations; driving down prescription brand inventory by implementing new controls and deploying just in time ordering models. This is just a small selection of the initiatives in our turnaround program.
So, what does this mean for financial performance? In fiscal year '24, this means it's down or reset year in profitability. We expect to see positive improvements in prescriptions in retail and cost savings, but these could be more than offset by the pressures I mentioned earlier in reimbursement rates, lower COVID benefits, the loss of the Elixir lives, a shrink wage inflation, and the investments we need to make in the turnaround program.
We estimate the net result to be an adjusted EBITDA dropping by approximately $75 million, which may put free cash flow slightly negative for the year. However, we have $1.5 billion in liquidity at the end of fiscal year '23, which we believe is more than enough to get us through fiscal '24. And we expect increased adjusted EBITDA and working capital benefits in fiscal year '25 and '26 to drive an improvement in our liquidity position.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal year '23, we started the first phase of initiatives of our turnaround program. These delivered approximately $10 million in adjusted EBITDA. And our turnaround program is not yet at scale, and we have more initiatives in progress. The turnaround model anticipates bringing more significant value starting in Q3 and Q4 of this year. We are targeting adjusted EBITDA double-digit percentage growth in fiscal year '25 and '26 as initiatives begin to scale.
Acquired investments are no longer needed to offset the improvements and we're no longer cycling COVID headwinds. We anticipate some slippage on our near-term leverage ratio. We do, however, believe that by year-end fiscal '26, our leverage ratio will come down into the low 5 range, with improvements in adjusted EBITDA. We are also in the process of developing specific plans to address our '25 and '26 bond maturities, more to come as these plans develop.
I know it has been challenging for you all as the company has faced the uncertainties of COVID and lackluster financial results. We have not until now applied an analytical, programmatic approach to turning the business around. What I commit to you is this, we have urgency, rigor, a rapid cadence and an intense focus on those opportunities that we believe will bring us value in the near term. There are areas that have presented opportunity, but have not been prioritized previously. There are things that our competitors do well that we just simply have not implemented until now.
We appreciate all support from our bondholders, shareholders, analysts, associates, customers and leaders as we take this incredible brand and bring it back to where it should be.
With that, I'll turn the call over to Matt with more Q4 -- with more Q4 and on our outlook.
Thanks, Busy, and good morning, everyone. I'm going to take just a few minutes to review our fourth quarter results before jumping into the guidance for fiscal 2024.
Our fourth quarter fiscal '23 adjusted EBITDA was $128.6 million versus $106.1 million for last year's fourth quarter, giving a total adjusted EBITDA of $429.2 million for the fiscal year. Both our fourth quarter and full year results benefited from an extra week in fiscal 2023, which contributed approximately $10 million in adjusted EBITDA.
The company also reported a net loss of $241.3 million or $4.39 per share and adjusted net loss of $68.2 million or $1.24 loss per share. Included in our net loss for the fourth quarter was an impairment charge for goodwill at Elixir of $119 million.
We performed an impairment assessment as part of our year-end closing procedures. The calculation performed to determine if an impairment is necessary includes evaluation based upon discounted cash flows as well as an assessment of market value. Our projections for the business have not changed since our last assessment, but assumptions around external factors such as discount rates and market multiples [have] (ph), which caused the impairment charge. As a reminder, this is a non-cash charge.
Revenues for the quarter were $6.09 billion, bringing our total year revenues to $24.1 billion.
Now, I'll discuss the key drivers of operating results in our business segments. In the retail segments, revenues increased 8.2% over the prior year, driven by the extra week, an increase in comparable store sales, partially offset by the impact of the store closures.
Same-store sales for the fourth quarter increased 8.9% over the prior-year period, consisting of an 11.4% increase in pharmacy sales and a 2.3% increase in front-end sales. Front-end same-store sales, excluding cigarettes and tobacco products, increased 2.8%, driven by strong results in our beauty, seasonal and consumable categories.
The same-store prescription adjusted to 30 days increased 5.2% and, excluding COVID immunizations and testing, increased 9.7%, with same-store maintenance prescriptions increasing 8.2% and other same-store acute prescriptions increasing almost 15%. Our script growth comes from continuing adherence initiatives, growth within our market access contracts and capturing fair share of our scripts from the ESI-Kroger dispute.
Rite Aid's front-end margin rate improved due to a reduction in markdowns resulting from our previously discussed change to our loyalty program, as well as improved planning around seasonal, less discounted prices and proactive price changes related to inflation.
Pharmacy gross profit declined due to a reduction of gross profit from COVID vaccines and testing. This was partially offset by our strong non-COVID script growth and reduced drug purchasing cost, driven by a reduction in brand prescription inventory.
Adjusted EBITDA SG&A improved by $75 million on a comparable 13-week basis, driven by: a reduction in work payroll, we continued good expense control in stores which we began at the beginning of the fiscal year; reductions in indirect spend, including advertising, repair and maintenance, supplies and security, resulting from initiatives to improve our spend control discipline and rebidding processes; and also driven by lower occupancy due to store closures.
I'll now shift to our Pharmacy Services segment, Elixir. Revenues were $1.3 billion for the quarter, a decrease of 20.8% compared to the prior quarter. For the fiscal year, Pharmacy Service segment revenues were $6.5 billion, a decrease of 10.9% compared to the prior year. Revenues decreased as we are cycling through our membership losses, which are consistent with our expectations. In our individual Part D insured business, we continue to adjust our pricing strategy to reflect the underlying risks in each geography.
Adjusted EBITDA was $27.3 million compared to -- for fourth quarter compared to last year's fourth quarter adjusted EBITDA of $3.7 million. For the fiscal year, adjusted EBITDA was $141.1 million compared to prior-year adjusted EBITDA of $113.3 million.
Gross profits were better due to improved procurement economics, a more favorable mix to higher margin business, the absence of prior-year rebate receivable write-downs and improvements in the medical loss ratio at Elixir insurance. Additionally, Elixir's SG&A improved due to reductions in cost structure to support the lower membership base.
I'll now turn to our cash flows and the balance sheet. Our cash flow statement for the quarter shows operating cash of $266 million due to the sale of the remainder of our calendar 2022 CMS receivable and reductions in inventory levels, offset by timing and other liabilities. Cash used in investing activities was $14.2 million for the quarter. We completed a few store sale leaseback transactions that generated total proceeds of $17.5 million, and also generated proceeds of $18.6 million from the sale of prescription files from closed stores.
Our net debt was approximately $2.8 billion at the end of fiscal year, with a leverage ratio of 6.5 times. We ended the fiscal year with approximately $1.5 billion in liquidity, which gives us plenty of flexibility to execute our turnaround.
During the quarter, we completed a tender offer for $165 million of our 2025 notes. Over the past year, we have reduced the amount of our outstanding 2025 notes, which is our nearest term maturity from $600 million to $320 million. We are assessing options to address the remainder of these maturities, more to come as we progress throughout the year.
Now turning to guidance. As Busy outlined earlier in the call, we are investing in a proven turnaround model to drive growth and value for our stakeholders. Adjusted EBITDA is expected to be between $340 million and $370 million. Adjusted EBITDA in the Retail Pharmacy segment is expected to be between $240 million and $260 million, while adjusted EBITDA at Elixir is expected to be between $110 -- $100 million and $110 million.
Following are some key assumptions in preparing our guidance range. We expect COVID vaccines and testing demand to decline, with our COVID vaccine administration to decline from about 5.1 million in fiscal 2023 to approximately 3 million in fiscal 2024. However, we expect to see continued growth in comp sales and scripts in our core business. We expect the script growth initiatives that Busy outlined earlier this year to drive a 6% increase in non-COVID comparable scripts in fiscal 2024. While it's very early in the year, we are seeing this level of increase so far. The benefits from script increases will be partially offset by reimbursement rate pressures.
With wage pressures and cost inflation as well as investments that we're making in our turnaround initiatives, we expect our retail SG&A to increase during the fiscal year. However, we expect these increases to be partially offset by a rigorous demand management, rebidding a key indirect vendor services and active negotiations of lease terms.
Included in our guidance for Elixir is the cycling of the full impact of the loss of lives over the past few years, which resulted in a headwind to adjusted EBITDA. With the reduction of lives, we will continue to closely manage our expense levels. We also expect to improve Elixir EBITDA margin through procurement economics and favorable membership mix.
Total revenues are expected to be between $21.7 billion and $22.1 billion. The reduction from prior year is due to the impact of store closures and the reduction of lives at Elixir.
Capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $225 million. In addition to regular maintenance spend, this includes investments to grow our digital business, improve our member support systems and client service at Elixir, add technology to make our distribution centers more productive and to aggressively pursue prescription file purchases. Cash interest expense is projected to be approximately $250 million.
We expect to generate a significant working capital benefit in fiscal 2024 from reductions in prescription brand inventory, SKU rationalization and reductions in seasonal merchandise. We're also taking steps to move more of our products to scan-based trading and to work with various partners to improve terms. As Busy said, we expect our free cash flow to be slightly negative, which will leave us a strong liquidity throughout the year. We have the ability to reduce spending on capital expenditures if need be.
The initiatives that are intended to drive significant value in our turnaround process will take time to take traction -- gain traction. As a result, we expect to generate between 60% and 70% of our adjusted EBITDA in the back half of the year.
As we look to our fiscal '25 and fiscal '26, we expect to grow both Elixir PBM membership in our core retail business in both front-end and pharmacy. Although adjusted EBITDA will take a step down in fiscal '24, we believe our programmatic approach is turning around the business. Combined with the absence of COVID-related headwind in 2025 and a reduction in turnaround investments, will enable us to grow adjusted EBITDA by double digits in both fiscal '25 and '26. We expect this growth to lead to a reduction in our leverage ratio to somewhere in the low 5 times range by the end of fiscal 2026.
This completes our prepared remarks. Rob, could you please open the phone lines for questions?
[Operator Instructions] And your first question comes from the line of Elizabeth Anderson from Evercore ISI. Your line is open.
Hi, guys. Thanks so much for the question. I have a couple of sort of housekeeping questions to help understand better the core profitability improvement in the fourth quarter, and then maybe after -- other one after that.
If we think about -- thanks for the update on the COVID contribution. Can you just run through sort of, like, the PCR, OTC test, and flu shots just in the quarter just so that we can get a better idea for the run rate underlying profitability of the core business and that improvement sequentially, please?
Sure, Elizabeth. Good morning. So, we did about -- we administer about 600,000 COVID vaccines in the fourth quarter, met about 500,000 flu shots. And on the PCR testing, pretty much nothing. PCR testing demand is completely dried up. Antigen test, we sold about 3.5 million of antigen tests during the quarter.
Okay. Super helpful. Any changes to how you think about the profitability of those types of items in the vaccines once the PHE ends?
Yeah, the change is going to -- it's not necessarily related to the PHE, Elizabeth, but what we expect to happen for the majority of vaccines -- COVID vaccines we fill in fiscal '24 is that we'll move to a model where we purchase the vaccines from manufacturers and [indiscernible] a reimbursement remodel that's based upon kind of funding those purchase vaccines. So think of the gross profit per vaccine next year to be a lot more like a flu shot as opposed to getting a dispensing fee from the government, which is how it's worked the last couple of years.
Okay. That's very helpful. And then, I think you sort of talked about it at a high level. But I wanted to just dig in a little bit more into what you and Busy were saying about the mid-single digit non-COVID comparable prescription growth. Can you talk about sort of the initiatives and where you think those will come through? Because that -- I mean, that's obviously a key part of the thesis. So, I just want to make sure we have that down correctly.
Yes. So, if you think about kind of the drivers outside of COVID, it's really focused on a few things. One is working on continued efforts to improve our adherence. We expanded courtesy refill this year, which is a big part of that. We're expanding our -- we're making changes in our systems to get the pharmacist tools to do better medication and therapy management and drive adherence that way. We're improving our messaging that we're doing to customers who haven't picked up scripts to reduce abandon scripts. And we've increased the amount of limited and preferred network that we're in this year. All of those things we expect to drive that mid-single digit script growth.
Got it. And one last one for me. Can you talk about the progression of shrink and where you think that goes going forward?
Yeah. I mean, shrink is something that kind of plagues our entire industry. It's a challenge for all of us. But I think we continue to work on this. We -- in various areas, we work with local law enforcement. But also, we're continuing to sort of evaluate new solutions that might be out there that are -- that can be effective. But there's an ongoing work. We expect shrink to be this year roughly what it was last year.
Exactly.
Got it. Thank you so much.
Your next question comes from a line of Lisa Gill from J.P. Morgan. Your line is open.
Thank you very much. Good morning. Matt, I wanted to start my first question around the turnaround initiative. You talked about that it'll ramp going into the third and fourth quarter of fiscal '24, and Busy talked about the fact that it was roughly $10 million here in this quarter. Can you talk about the specific number that you have, number one, in 2024? And then secondly, I think about that progression, you talked about EBITDA, really back half loaded, 60% to 70%. How much visibility do you have to that EBITDA in the back half of the year? And how do we think about the first part of the year? Anything you would call out as we think about the first quarter?
Hey, thanks, Lisa. So, first of all, really can't break out like turnaround versus the plan. This turnaround process and programmatic approach is the way we're driving our planned initiatives and how we're going to get to our overall planned numbers. So, splitting those out I think is really not something as productive.
From the standpoint of the ramp in the numbers during the second half of the year, we are making investments in technology and talent that we need to drive a lot of these initiatives forward, and those investments are going to happen in the first half of the year, which is going to be some of the weight that happens on the quarter. And that's really what drives the level of increase in the back half of the year.
As far as line of sight, Lisa, the way this program works is a -- is building up business cases and then sequencing the amount of investment and laying out very specific milestones for literally hundreds of initiatives. And what that does is it gives us a much better line of sight and way to track initiative value development that we've ever had process wise before. So that gives me confidence in a lot more line of sight and kind of into the build of the plan than we've had just systemically in prior years.
And then, just one other question. I guess, maybe a question for you and then a follow-up for Busy, and that's around your PBM when we think about Elixir. So, if we think about heading into the calendar '24 selling season, which should be starting right about now, there's a lot of scrutiny right now around the PBM industry, a lot of different legislative initiatives. If I remember correctly, your PBM is primarily a transparent PBM.
So, my first question is, are you seeing an increased interest in Elixir just given all of the scrutiny around the PBM industry?
And then, my second question for Busy is as a Board member, how do you think about the PBM? And do you think that the PBM as part of Rite Aid going forward is important?
So, I'm going to -- I'll answer the second question first. And then, sort of regarding the changes in the PBM industry, I'll hand that over to Chris DuPaul since he's here and he can help you answer specifics on the regulatory environment and what it's doing for Elixir.
But I think it's a -- Elixir is a very strong mid-market PBM with great assets. We're actively working on growing it, grow the revenue, expand them, and continuing to work on expanding the margins. We really believe in the future of the business. And there's a lot of untapped synergies that we are working on to have this -- to realize that value between owning the retail and PBM businesses. So, we are actively working on those business.
And then, Lisa, I appreciate the question. Regarding the level of interest and -- in the PBM business model, as you know, we've been around for over 20 years in the PBM space, and we have a legacy of business where the majority of that business is pass through. But we also have a significant part of our business that is -- that operates on a traditional spread model.
And regarding what's happening in Washington and in different debates around the state, we do think it's extremely important to be able to preserve the choice of which model to operate under for clients. There are benefits to both of those structures. We offer both of those structures, and we think it's very important that clients continue to have the ability to choose whether they want to operate on a pass through or on a spread model.
We are seeing very good interest in the PBM in the selling season. I mean, it's very early on in most of the business, particularly in the parts of the market where we compete the most strongly happens in the middle to the back part of the selling season. But at this point in the year, we are seeing greater interest. And we're getting really good feedback from the consulting community and others about the offering that we can bring relative to other players in this space.
I think we do have a very strong reputation around being transparent with our clients in terms of how we price, how we keep our commitments, and how we work in partnership with our clients in managing their drug spend, and we're looking forward to this selling season.
Great. Thanks for the comments.
Your next question comes from the line of George Hill from Deutsche Bank. Your line is open.
Yeah. Good morning, guys, and thanks for taking the question. I guess, Matt, I have a couple of questions. First, could you talk about what's embedded in the guidance for COVID fiscal '24? I would imagine given the roll off, the expectations are pretty de minimis. But given the expectation in '23, we just kind of like to know what you guys are expecting to see as it relates to that?
Yes. So, George, we have included in the guidance for '24 is an assumption we'll fill about 3 million COVID vaccine next year. And really the underlying basis for that assumption is the idea that there'll be one shot administered sometime in the fall or winter as part of an annual immunization update. We also expect, as I said earlier, that the profitability of those COVID vaccines is going to decrease as the industry moves to a model where you purchase the vaccines as opposed to being government funded with a dispensing fee.
On the antigen test side, expecting antigen test demand to drop off pretty dramatically given that it's no longer going to be covered as a government benefit in May. We're still seeing strong demand, but some of that I think is people kind of rushing to get those done while still being covered. And in the latter part of the year, we expect antigen testing demand to be relatively minor.
Great. And a quick follow-up, I guess. Before heading into fiscal '24, you guys had outlaid a cost savings program as related to things like store closures, the loyalty savings program, cost savings in the PBM business. I was wondering if you just kind of be able to update us on the outlook for those savings initiatives, kind of what was achieved in '23 and kind of what the expectation should be in '24?
Yes, George, we had, I think, expectation about $190 million in savings for things related to those programs and we met and probably slightly exceeded those numbers. Store closures expect a lot less next year. We're looking -- we always look at the fleet, but we did about 190 store closures this year, do not expect anywhere close to that number next year. It's not part of the program.
From a payroll standpoint, we'll continue to actively manage labor in the stores, but we're actually as part of initiatives to grow our scripts and grow our business are going to be investing in doing some investments in talent, investments in technology. And we do expect to drive a pretty significant cost savings from better management of indirect spend, which is going to be a focus for '24.
Okay. And then, the last one for me is, I know it's early, but the macro reimbursement environment in pharmacy has been challenging. I don't know if you guys have any early thoughts on what the impact of reimbursement changes will be in calendar '24?
Too early to tell. Yeah, too early to tell.
Okay. I'll hop back in the queue. Thanks, guys.
Thanks, George.
Your next question comes from the line of William Reuter from Bank of America. Your line is open.
Good morning. I just have a couple. The first is, I think you said you realized [$70 million] (ph) of proceeds from the sale of scripts. Can you talk about what the price per script was that you achieved on those sales?
Thanks, Bill. It's Matt. When we -- both on the buy side and the sell side when we're either purchasing scripts from independent pharmacies or when we're selling scripts as a result of closing the store, the average is somewhere usually between $10 and $20 per script, varies dramatically based upon the specific transaction you're doing and the specific demand in the marketplace.
That's very helpful. And then, the last time we had heard regarding the lives under management at Elixir, you were expecting about 1.7 million for this calendar year. I don't think I saw an update, unless it was in the slides and I missed it. Do you know what that number is right now?
It's in that ZIP code, probably a little less, like, 1.6 when you overall.
Okay. And then just lastly for me, you reduced inventory by $40 million last year. I think you said you expect more this year. Is there a sense for any -- is there any sense of magnitude for the reduction this year?
Yeah. Without giving a precise number, I'd say it should dramatically exceed that $40 million. We're really working pretty hard at kind of inventory sets in the front end, the ability to do a better job of doing our merchandising on a more regional basis, which enables us to get sharper on inventory ordering. We're going to reduce the amount of seasonal inventory we do in the front end. And then, on prescription side, we still have a lot of opportunity to reduce the amount of brand prescription inventory that we have in the stores while still provide great service to our customers, because we get deliveries multiple times a week from our -- from the customer delivery partner.
Very helpful. Thanks for taking the questions.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from the line of Karru Martinson from Jefferies. Your line is open.
Good morning. You talked to being over-levered and then had restricted your business investments in the core. I'm just trying to understand given the $225 million of CapEx, what is the hindrance here? And how do you get out from under this over-levered state?
Part of the $225 million is thinking hard, Karru, about where we make those investments, and we're making -- we're weighting those investments a lot more this year into technology investments that we believe are going to drive pretty rapid payback from the standpoint of being able to execute things like better script adherence, sharpening front-end inventory ordering, and better service delivery of Elixir and winning in the marketplace, and less on investments in the physical stores themselves.
Keeping the stores, obviously, at a base level investment is important. But just from the standpoint of thinking about quick payback, that's really where we're focusing that $225 million. And this year, despite the leverage ratio being at 6.5 times, we need to make these investments to really grow EBITDA significantly in '25 and '26, and basically, grow EBITDA to a point where we get that leverage ratio more stable. That -- those are -- that's what we really need to do to get ourselves back to a leverage position where we would be more comfortable.
And is the plan still here to attack the front-end bonds to chip away at that maturity and take that off the table?
Well, certainly the '25 bonds are the things that were the most focused on, Karru, just given that they're the earliest ones to mature. I think, broader plans to be talked about as we kind of sharpen our thinking here over the next few months.
Okay. And just lastly, realize that as you said, opioid litigation is, shall we say, a long process. But could you help guide us in terms of where does that process play out with the States, with the DOJ, just from a from a big picture of what your expectations are, both from a cost and from a timing perspective?
Yes. I think it's very difficult as you can imagine to predict litigation. And all we can tell you is that what we're facing is very consistent with everybody else in the industry is facing. We are in the process of vigorously defending ourselves and we've included all the costs into our guidance in SG&A. So -- and then we just -- obviously, we can't comment on the specific matters beyond what we've got out there probably.
Thank you very much, guys. Appreciate it.
And we have time for one last question. Your final question comes from the line of Carla Casella from J.P. Morgan. Your line is open.
Hi. Thanks for taking the question. You mentioned $10 million of EBITDA savings from the turnaround. Was that in fourth quarter, or that was achieved in first quarter '24 already?
Yes, Carla, it's Matt. The $10 million is in the fourth quarter. And it's -- I would say it's not just savings. Some of it is actually initiatives that we did to drive prescription growth. So, some of that $10 million is up in our pharmacy gross profit numbers coming from the steps that we did that we undertook to drive increased adherence as well as some generic drug purchasing benefits and some SG&A savings.
And did you say the number that you're expecting for '24?
We did not. We did not.
Okay. But should that $10 million, should that grow going forward...
Yes, it's going to grow significantly, Carla. I mean, we're at -- this Q4, we were literally still building the base plan for '24 and kind of finishing the process to really size the overall initiative opportunity.
Yeah, I think the way to think about it is Q4 was just sort of testing our ability to execute this model and trying a few initiatives to sort of start to put the model in place. And with that effort, that's where the $10 million came from. Now we are scaling that turnaround model across the enterprise. And so, I think to Matt's point is that we expect far more than $10 million.
Okay. And then, you mentioned reducing SKUs and reducing seasonal merchandise. Can you just give us a sense for what percentage of your sales in the past year was seasonal merchandise and kind of what the impact of that is? Is it a lower gross margin? Is it a higher volatility segment? And how do you think about scaling back of seasonal?
Yes. Carla, seasonal is not a material part of our front-end sales. But, this year, in seasonal, I would say we over ordered. And so, what happened was we had to mark down a lot of this merchandising, in some cases, even return it to get it cleared out. And so, not only did we have too much -- it's negative having too much inventory is to get it out of the stores, we had to get rid of it, in some cases, below cost.
So, seasonal merchandise normally, if you order it right and you order the right amounts and manage the demand right, can actually be very profitable, but it wasn't for us in this past year because of the over ordering.
Okay. And then, one last one. Just you mentioned that you did two sale leasebacks. Do you have any further sale leaseback opportunities? I mean, what's -- where do you stand now in terms of owned assets or real estate? And is there also an impact -- a significant impact to your rent expense at least based on the sale leasebacks you've done -- you did in...
So, the sale leasebacks we did this year will have kind of a minor impact to rent, but not something I would call material headwind. We still have roughly, I think, 60 to 70 owned stores in our portfolio and we are still evaluating the ability to sale leaseback some of them. I would expect some level of sale leaseback proceeds in fiscal '24, but not as much as what we saw in fiscal '23.
Okay. Great. Thanks a lot.
And I will now turn the call back over to Mr. Matt Schroeder for some final closing remarks.
Just want to thank everybody for joining us on the call today. We appreciate the questions and the interest. We also look forward to speaking to many of you on May 9 at the Bank of America Healthcare Conference in Las Vegas. Until then, take care, and have a good day.
This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.