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Intrinsic Value is all-important and is the only logical way to evaluate the relative attractiveness of investments and businesses.
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by and welcome to the Rocket Companies Incorporated Third Quarter 2020 Earnings Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. [Operator Instructions]
I will now turn the call over to the company. You may begin your conference.
Good afternoon everyone. I'm Jason McGruder, Vice President of Investor Relations. Thank you for joining us for Rocket Companies earnings call covering the third quarter of 2020. We are excited to share the results of another very strong quarter with you. Before I turn things over to Jay Farner, I will read our disclaimers.
Today's call is to provide you with information regarding our third quarter 2020 performance in addition to our financial outlook. This conference call includes forward-looking statement. For more information about factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements, please refer to the earnings release that we issued today. As well as risks described in filings with the SEC, particularly in the section of these documents titled Risk Factors. Our commentary today will also include non-GAAP financial measures. Reconciliations between GAAP and non-GAAP metrics for our reported results can also be found in our earnings release issued today, as well as in our filings with the SEC.
And with that, I'll turn things over to Jay Farner to get us started. Jay?
Good afternoon and welcome to our third quarter earnings call. I'm pleased to report Rocket Companies six consecutive quarter of record-breaking volume, highlighting the power of our platform and the strength of the Rocket brand. We're demonstrating true leadership at a critical time for our industry and our clients. I'm extremely proud of our 22,000 plus team members whose dedication and drive have helped deliver the results, we will share with you today.
First I want to congratulate our team on being named the number one company for client satisfaction in mortgage origination by JD Power yesterday. This marks our 11th straight year being named to the top of the list. And when you add in our seven consecutive number one rankings for mortgage servicing we've taken home 18 JD Power awards in the last 11 years. This one in particular special to us however, it's proof that our platform is so powerful that we can more than double loan originations year-over-year and still deliver on our commitment to servicing our clients at the highest levels.
Again team, congratulations. Our industry has reached an important moment. The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally changed the way Americans think of their homes. For decades, many of you -- there house as their most important investment. Today, home in so much more. It is now, where we work, where we teach our children and where we gather with friends. Bringing new meaning and significance to the place where we live, our home. This enthusiasm around the value of home is clear in the numbers.
For instance, the National Association of Realtors existing home sales report, show that September sales of previously owned homes were more than 20% higher than the same month in 2019. Also, recent reports in the New York Times and San Francisco Chronicle, tell residents moving from the city centers to buy homes in the surrounding suburbs in search of more space. Homeownership is on the rise across the country led by a new generation of first time homebuyers.
As a result of shifting demographics and the ongoing pandemic, we are seeing a rapid acceleration in the long-term shift from physical to digital transactions across the industries where we participate. Consumers today don't just prefer -- they demand a completely digital experience.
[Audit Start]
At the same time, the digital transformation of the lending process has become more important than ever. As an unprecedented number of consumers look to leverage today's favorable interest rates, we are seeing the strongest growth among our most digitally engaged clients, application volume through our self-serve digital experience has grown significantly faster than overall volume year-to-date.
This trend accelerated earlier this year and continued through the third quarter. The Rocket Mortgage platform is particularly powerful for first time homebuyers, who can receive loan approvals within minutes.
In the third quarter, we delivered more purchase approval letters through our digital experience than in any quarter in our company's history. In addition to becoming the overwhelming choice for millennial homebuyers, Rocket Mortgage has continued to serve a large number of clients looking to take cash out of their homes, reduce their loan terms or refinance due to changes in life situations such as divorce.
These clients who are not rate sensitive, remain an important population when you consider Rocket Companies incredible footprint, serving all 50 states and more than 3,100 counties in the United States, and a growing presence in Canada. Our marketplace has reached a significant inflection point due to consumers demanding a simple digital experience. And I'm proud to say Rocket Mortgage is executing at enormous scale.
In the third quarter, we delivered a record performance with $89 billion of closed loan volume, representing a 122% increase year-over-year. The growth we're achieving is unmatched. In Q3, we added nearly $50 billion of year-over-year closed loan volume. Consider this, our incremental volume in the third quarter is so large, that if alone would have made us the second largest retail mortgage lender in the nation. To further illustrate the scale of this growth, Rocket Mortgage closed nearly $1 billion of origination volume each day in the third quarter. The scale and efficiency of our platform continues to drive substantial earnings power.
We achieved a 69% adjusted EBITDA margin in the quarter and have generated $5.9 billion of adjusted net income in just the first nine months of 2020. The guidance that Julie will share with you today assumes us among the most profitable FinTech companies in the world. And we're not stopping there. Our mission is simple. We will continue to lead from the front as the most admired brand and technology platform in our industry. Recently, we hosted tech TechCon our in-house technology conference for all Rocket Companies technologists drawing more than 4,000 of the brightest minds in the industry.
One of the most important topics covered was ethical artificial intelligence and its ever-increasing role in business. We crossed an important milestone in Q3 by generating more than $60 billion in application volume over the last two years using data science and AI. Our data science teams are now generating organic lead flow at higher conversion rates than paid marketing channels.
We are also using automation to improve the efficiency of our operations and are now making more than 1 million decisions per day using machine learning. All these processes get better with scale. Strengthening our competitive lead and reinforcing the Rocket Companies flywheel. In addition to leveraging our rich data insights, we continue to expand the ways we are reaching consumers through innovations, partnerships and marketing.
In the last 30 days alone, we have announced enhancements to our Rocket Pro platform, that grant real estate professionals never before available insights into their clients’ mortgages. Now they can help guide homebuyers through the mortgage process from approval to closing using the Rocket Pro mobile app or website. Rather than calling one of our mortgage bankers we’re asking the client real estate agents can now use Rocket Pro insight to check in on a loan status, that leaves more time for Mortgage Bankers to help other home buyers and the agent can focus on showing and closing houses with their clients. The reaction from those in the real estate community has been overwhelming.
In fact, in the first day, more than 1,100 agents joined Rocket Pro Insights, and the momentum has only increased. We anticipate nearly 15,000 real estate professionals will sign up to use the platform by the end of the year, providing a significant touch point with one of the largest influencers in the home purchase lifecycle. Another program to help both home buyers and their agents was launched in early October. We checked off a new relationship with Realtor.com that allows the tens of millions of homebuyers visiting their website to seamlessly apply for a Rocket Mortgage.
The new venture was quickly followed by an announcement highlighting Rocket Mortgage's partnership with Intuit’s Mint Personal Finance tool. Now Mint users can easily import their personal financial information into a Rocket Mortgage loan application with the tap of the finger, allowing them to lock in a mortgage rate and as little as eight minutes all while staying in the Mint app.
Quicken Loans Mortgage Services, which serves the needs of our mortgage broker partners recently rebranded to Rocket Pro TPO. This transition allows our partners to continue to meet the needs of their clients, while also providing them with the ability to leverage the best-known brand in consumer lending with Rocket Mortgage. To celebrate, we provided 10,000 fresh purchase leads to a Rocket Pro TPO partners. Something that's never been done before in the industry.
As part of the rebranding. We've also announced new AI and machine learning innovations in partnership with Google technology. Additional tech focused enhancements to our platform and new ways to align with and support our brokers. Overall, the feedback we've received about the rebrands and technology rollouts has been extremely positive.
In addition to all the fantastic partnerships we've already shared with you. We are proud to announce that as of last week, we have forged a relationship with one of the largest financial services companies in the world. This collaboration, similar to the program, we created with Charles Schwab will allow us to originate mortgages for a new base of clients. We anticipate that we'll share more information in the New Year. Our exceptional brand marketing also continues to be a true differentiator in the industry.
Our Rocket can [ph] campaign has been incredibly successful. We're proud to soon be rolling out a new slate of ads, including our first exclusively targeting the growing what next community. We continue to also leverage well known talent like Jason Momoa, star of our Super Bowl ad. And Future NFL, Hall of Fame wide receiver Larry Fitzgerald in our marketing to appeal to a broad consumer base. The fact is Rocket Companies is leveraging the scale and flexibility of our platform to deliver first to market innovations with the best partnerships in real estate, technology and finance. All while reinforcing our brand with best-in-class marketing.
Outside of mortgage, innovation is taking place throughout our entire ecosystem. In the last several months, Nexus, our title and closing technology company announced it had partnered with insurance leaders, Farmers and Lemonade to simplify homeowners insurance verifications using it's Clear HOI platform. These companies joined others including all State and Liberty Mutual in helping provide a digital solution to lenders looking to confirm the presence of an insurance policy in a real-time, eliminating the need to manually call to confirm a process that is deceptively tedious.
At Amrock, our Title company, we closed more than 100,000 mortgage transactions in September, a record that proves the scalability of our platform. In addition, Amrock continues to be a trailblazer, digitizing the title industry, much like Rocket Mortgage did for loan originations. In the first three quarters of 2020, the company is responsible for 90% of all eClosings in the industry, providing safety and convenience to our clients amid the ongoing pandemic.
[Audit End]
Additionally, Amrock is implementing machine learning and ethical AI into its workflow, through its proprietary titled decision engine or TDE. This tool, which is currently being used on more than 30% of Amrock tunnel work automates the traditionally manual process of reviewing documents, maps and records of sale cutting down the time, our team members working on files by nearly 70%. This frees us up to work on other more specialized items significantly increasing our productivity.
Finally, I'd like to take a moment to talk about our approach to client retention and increasingly important driver of our business. After we originate alone we maintain monthly touch points with our clients and generate recurring revenue by processing their payments and servicing their loan over its lifetime. Julie will give more detail in a moment, but we are sharing today that Rocket Mortgage consistently retains over 90% of our total servicing clients on an annual basis.
Retention at these levels, has never been seen in the mortgage business and rivals any subscription-based model across industries including cable, streaming and wireless services. Before I turn things over to Julie. I wanted to announce an addition to our Board of Directors. Our Board has voted unanimously to make Jonathan Mariner, the Founder and President of TaxDay, an Independent Board member and new Chair of our Audit Committee.
Prior to TaxDay, Jonathan spend 23 years in professional sports serving as the Chief Financial Officer for Major League Baseball, the Florida Marlins, the Florida Panthers and Dolphins Stadium. In addition to our Board. He also serves as an Independent Board Member for Tyson Foods, McGraw-Hill Education, Major League [ph] baseball and several others. We are very excited to have him join us.
And with that, I'll ask Julie to share with you the details of our financial performance in this quarter. Julie?
Thank you, Jay, and good afternoon everyone. Thanks to the hard work of the entire Rocket Companies team we achieved another quarter of incredible results.
In the third quarter, we achieved year-over-year quarterly adjusted revenue growth of 163% to $4.7 billion and adjusted net income growth of 365% to $2.4 billion. We also produced another quarterly record in close loan volume, which was up a 122% year-over-year to $89 billion. Based on what banks and mortgage lenders have publicly reported, we believe that our closed loan volume growth was substantially higher than the overall industry in the three and nine months ended September 2020 compared to a year earlier. We generated record quarterly net rate lock volume of $94.7 billion, which represented a gain of 101% year-over-year.
As a reminder, we recognized revenue at the time when we lock the interest rate with our client. Rate lock typically occurs approximately 30 to 45 days prior to the closing of a loan. We produced robust growth in both of our segments. Funded loan volume in our direct-to-consumer channel was up by 131% to $53.5 billion, an increase in our partner network by 127% to $29.6 billion both compared with the year-earlier quarter.
We consider a loan funded when it is sold to investors on the secondary market. While we continue to benefit from the low interest rate environment. we also produced strong year-over-year growth in the quarter from less rate sensitive products. Demand for these products are driven by factors including clients wanting to purchase a home take cash out of their homes, reduce the terms on their mortgages, changes in their life situations and the demand for Investment Properties.
Although rate term refinancing activity has been very high in 2020, we have historically had a balanced mix of origination. For example, from the first quarter of 2017 through the third quarter 2020 more than half, our overall volume was [indiscernible] are less rate sensitive products. Gain on sale margin of 4.52% increased substantially from 3.29% in the prior year period and remained strong by historical standards.
The sequential change from record gain on sale margins of 5.19% in the second quarter was driven primarily by changes in channel and product mix. As a reminder, record gain on sale margins in the second quarter, reflecting our ability to rapidly scale, our direct-to-consumer volume during a period of pandemic related market disruption, particularly during April and May.
Breaking down the 67 basis point variance and gain on sale margins sequentially, changes in loan pricing represented less than 10 basis points of the quarter-over-quarter difference in our gain on sale margins. Approximately 40 basis points of the change resulted from differences in channel and product mix, particularly the strong growth of our partner network volume during the quarter. Overall, our margins exceeded the high end of our expectations and remained at historically elevated level throughout the third quarter.
In the past, we have typically seen primary, secondary spreads normalized within a month or two. However since March, these spreads have remained well above historical averages. We believe this speaks to the strength of demand in the current environment as you heard from Jay. Managing gain on sale margins is an important advantage of the Rocket Mortgage business model, our centralized technology driven operating model allows us to dynamically price our products on a real-time basis.
As the largest mortgage lender in the country, we also benefit from the scale and sophistication of our capital markets capabilities, including superior hedging, proving and secondary market execution. Client retention is another key differentiator, of the Rocket Companies ecosystem. We've spoken to many of you about our ability to recapture clients who pay off out of our servicing portfolio, because of our unique business model, our recapture is more than 4 times the industry average based on the latest figures from Black Knight.
Today, we are also introducing a new metric called our net client retention rate. This metric is intended to be comparable with retention figures across multiple industries, including cable and wireless service providers. Our new metric is calculated based on the clients who remain active with Rocket as a percentage of the total starting client base. As we show in today's press release, our net client retention rate has consistently and about 90% over the past few years. Retention at these levels, drive substantial lifetime value advantages for the company. Our high net retention rate allowed us to benefit from the continued cash flow from our servicing portfolio and also have the opportunity to hear out with our clients in the businesses throughout our ecosystem. This metric reflects the high lifetime value of our portfolio.
The unique strength of our business is that when the net client retention rate fall, it is generally the result of lower interest rates, leading to higher refinance activity, because our recapture rate is 4.6 times the industry average, we generate even more revenue from increased loan origination volume. Our [indiscernible] as a natural hedge to our retention rate. In the current environment, we are driving strong repeat transaction activity, which represented 42% of overall mortgage volume in the third quarter.
We are also adding hundreds of thousands of new clients into our ecosystem creating and expanding foundation for future growth. Our total Q3 expenses increased by 46% year-over-year primarily driven by higher variable compensation and an increase in team members in production roles to support our growth.
Turning to our balance sheet. We remain in a strong liquidity position, with total liquidity of $6.9 billion, which included $3.5 billion of cash as of quarter end. We define total liquidity as cash and cash equivalents plus bond drawn NSR lines, undrawn unsecured lines of credit and self-funded mortgages that can be transferred to our funding facilities out our option.
These figures reflect the strong underlying cash generation of the company and our recent issuance of $2 billion in senior notes at substantially lower interest rates then the notes refinanced. After the end of the quarter, we repaid the $1.25 billion of senior notes due 2025.
Overall, we are extremely proud of our long-term track record of delivering profitable growth at scale and our record performance in the quarter and year-to-date. To illustrate, just how amount of our scale, is the company has been consistently profitable on an annual basis. Having generated double-digit GAAP pre-tax income margins every year from 2015 through 2019.
Over just the first nine months of 2020, we produced approximately $6.6 billion in GAAP pre-tax income, which represented a dramatic improvement compared with a year earlier.
Our strategic objective remains to achieve 25% market share of the mortgage market by 20-30 while continuing to generate industry leading profitability over the long run. To achieve these long-term objectives, we are investing in our brand and technology, so that we can profitably grow through all market environment.
For example, over the 12 months ended September 30th, 2020, we leveraged more than $500 million invested in technology and are approximately 2,900 technology team members to further increase monthly loan production capacity and enhance efficiency, including some of the enhancements Jay discussed. We also invested approximately $900 million in marketing over the same timeframe.
Moving on to our outlook, we currently are [ph] expect closed loan volume of between $88 billion and $93 billion or an increase of 73% to 83% compared to $50.8 billion in the fourth quarter of 2019. We expect net rate lock volume of between $80 billion and $87 million, which would represent an increase of 82% to 98% compared to $43.9 billion in the fourth quarter of 2019. And we expect, gain on sale margins of 3.8% to 4.1% which would be an improvement of 11% to 20% compared to 3.41% in the fourth quarter of 2019.
Lastly, the company's Board of Directors approved a $1 billion share repurchase program effective today. The authorization reflects the Board and senior leaderships confidence in Rocket Companies long-term prospects. The program gives us the flexibility to take advantage of opportunities if we believe the market is undervaluing our business. We are committed to using our substantial cash generation to create long-term value for our shareholders.
With that, we are ready to turn it back to the operator for questions.
[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from the line of James Faucette from Morgan Stanley, your line is open.
Thank you very much. Good afternoon, Jay. Good afternoon Julie. I'm wondering if we could start with the new retention metric that you highlighted. And maybe you can just spend a minute or two helping us understand how you look at that and how that's different than the other net retention metrics you've used in the past, maybe, Jay, in particular, if you look at that 92% kind of how did what goes through your mind in terms of the different ways that you can look to take advantage of that and increase the lifetime value of those customers?
Yes, thanks for the question. I know we talked a lot about this during the IPO process and Bob Walters in particular about our recapture capabilities, which are now LNG [ph] references north of 4.5 times the industry average. So if someone's going to be paying off on our portfolio, we are recapturing that client, which is great because it generates very good revenue for us. And that recapture rate is one of the reasons we can, we were able to have this very high retention rate.
And you just touched on it when the retention rate is high. Of course of these longer client lifetimes and when you think about the lifetime value of a client more opportunity to help them with the refinance, some opportunity ultimately to purchase, more opportunity to help them with other products such as auto or personal loans, and --, I think something different for us, but we benefit from out of a lot of other retention type businesses that were profitable on the first transaction as you saw today very profitable.
But if this is actually even more unique for us because in our business, when the retention rate rises, you're probably looking at increased interest rates. And so as a servicer we collecting those monthly payments will also having the ability to market to those clients for other services, but if rates are falling and we might see the retention rate drop a bit, the rate today here in the low '90s, which is still incredible. We're still benefiting because of that recapture rate allows us to generate significant revenue on the refinance of their mortgage, so in retention rate and the recapture rate work together, but also like a natural hedge, I think Julie referenced that really allows us to win -- and whether interest rates are rising or interest rates are falling. And that really supports that broader ecosystem that we're building, as I touched on before, keeping the client in our ecosystem to be able to offer additional products and services to them, that's how like, it is think about it.
That's really helpful. And then I guess to build on that one of the key things that we look at is how quickly can you get people into the Rocket ecosystem and can you do that it kind of the beginning of their professional and working careers as and when they are buying their first homes. I think you made some comments that you're seeing some success there. But maybe you can talk a little bit about where you are seeing success. And how we should think about the trajectory on that initial purchase volume and how that can contribute to the lifetime value, particularly if you're able to maintain most high retention rates? Thanks a lot.
Yes. And thanks again for the question. As I referenced in the comments on the call here, the demand for the digital experience is stronger than ever and we're seeing significant growth there, and in particular for us on the purchase side. So were talking about millennials, we're talking about folks who've been thinking about buying a home, and as I touched on COVID is really driven these clients are accelerated their desire to be home owners moving from urban centers into suburban places and looking for home purchase in fact, I think Q3 was the strongest one of our strongest purchase quarters and we issued more verifiable approval letters declines in Q3 than any other quarter in our company's history. So that's one way that we engage that client early on in their life cycle.
And then I'd like you to think about the Rocket Auto business that we are excited about because that also tends to skew to a younger demographic, and so if Mortgage or home isn't the initial purchase loan or Auto may be. And so all of those initiatives in our ecosystem that we're working on, allow us to start that relationship building with the younger client base, that then will retain for 20, 30, 40 years to come.
Great, thanks.
Your next question comes from the line of Timothy Chiodo from Credit Suisse. Your line is open.
Thanks a lot. Thank you for taking the question. Wanted to bring up the topic that comes up often in investor discussions. It's around some of the technology advantages that you have that it's taken clearly years and lots of investment to build up.
The question is really around, can you bring to light, some of these advantages that might be behind the scenes that are may be tougher for the consumer to see by looking at the user interface, some actually you work with like -- anything into sort of local or municipal systems anything along those lines would be much appreciated?
Yes, thanks for the question. I believe Julie referenced this as we think about the investments that we've made here in the last 12 months, $500 million when it comes to our now nearly 3,000 technologist and the platform that we've been building. I think the best example that I can give you is that the growth year-over-year. If we look at the first nine months of '19, I think $94 billion closed. Now, we look at $213 billion in the same nine-month period in 2020.
$94 billion is a huge base, the largest lender in the country and now more than doubling that demonstrates the power of that platform and those investments that we've made in technology across the board. So we talked about some of the more recent rollouts one, I'll draw your attention to is the Rocket Pro Insight platform that's giving real estate agents real time updates on the status of their clients mortgage, and that's important to them, of course because they feel in control, it's very important that loan closes, but it also frees up time for our team members to now will focus on the next loan making us more efficient versus taking those calls, it also allows the recession to drive referral business into our platform. Another one that I believe Julie referenced is the mid-partnership we've been partners with into it for a long period of time, but we been working hand-in-hand to have a fully integrated Rocket Mortgage experience in the mid-experience for their clients they don't have to leave that app and we've launched at now and not only does that allow us to provide that experience to mid-users, but the APIs that were built, we can leverage across additional partnerships. I know another one that we referenced it's been tech investment for us is the partnership into realtor.com where we're reaching now tens of millions of prospective homebuyers.
And again that takes that takes good strong growth from our technology team to be able to do that. On the internal side maybe other things that are less evident. A significant portion of our underwriting process has been leveraging ethical AI as we talked about machine learning a lot of our decisions around verifications of assets, a verifications employment, verification of insurance is now done using automated systems. In fact, I think we referenced that there are over 1 million decisions each day, they are not automated all bringing great efficiency to our platform, which is what makes it so scalable.
That's extremely helpful. Thank you so much. And then a quick follow-up, you actually, you're one step ahead of me there and mentioned on the realtor.com, which I know you mentioned in your prepared remarks as well, but it does seem to have a tilt towards the purchase market, obviously, and I was wondering if you could just expand on that partnership in terms of the potential relative to some of your other large brand name partners like State Farm?
The real product, -- partnership represents yet another example of us be integrating our platform into their experience. And so we started that process, but the sky's the limit and what that integration can look like when you think to, think of the data and information we have about home values in markets, the real estate connections that the restage of connections that they have the equity information that we have about a 2 million plus folks in our servicing book. And so what we're really trying to create there is a seamless process from the very moment that you think about purchasing home until closing the home. And so the real reagent the mortgage approval, Amrock Title business, Nexus and we are closing the eClosing platforms that we've built. This is just a great way for us to wrap that altogether in create a very unique and best-in-class experience for our clients and for realtor.com clients.
Your next question comes from the line of Ryan Nash from Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.
Good evening, guys. So Jay, maybe it bring together a handful of things that you touched upon. I think a big part of the narrative with the ability to take market share. And I guess based on where you're running, I think you're about the 7.5% year to date, maybe closer to 8% in the quarter. Although, I know you don't manage to any one individual quarter. So with that as the backdrop, can you maybe just talk about the sustainability of volumes at these levels? And second, we're obviously seeing rates moving up a bit and I think market expectations are for them to continue to increase. So can you maybe just talk about how you expect to drive market share in a more purchase oriented market will be leaning more heavily into the broker channel. Can you maybe just talk about, you talked a little bit about cash out as party originations. Is that a big part of the volume and can that to help serve as an offset as in a smaller-refi market? Thanks.
Yes, great question Ryan. Julie touched on over the last 2.5 plus years when you look at the volume breakdown of that for the kind of the reason for a refinance or a loan between purchase and cash out and in term changes and life changes like divorce more than 50% of our production is really not interest rate sensitive. So that's a critical component, we demonstrated that for years, and that will continue to happen also, when we look at the clients that could save a substantial amount of money here in this environment and we're still in a situation, I believe we're 70% of the folks out there it makes sense to refinance.
So we feel very good about the continued strength in demand, not only on the refinance side but on the home purchase side, home ownership is back to kind of pre-crisis levels. And as I referenced before Millennials are very focused on home ownership moving from urban areas. It was great welcome news that the vaccine or a vaccine may be on its way. But we don't believe this will alter the course that has been set now for more work-from-home, leveraging the home for family and work in all of those things all things bode very well for homeownership. And so we imagine that will continue. And I think as Julie gave for guidance for Q4, really what you're looking at, if you back out a little bit of pressure we saw in October due to marketing spend for the election, which of course makes a little bit more challenging for us from a marketing perspective.
And the fact that Q4 has four, five fewer what I'll call actionable business day as you know, the day before Thanksgiving, the day before Christmas Eve, which can be a bit more challenging. If you back that out and looked at what we're forecasting for production in Q4., it's very, very similar to what we accomplished in Q3. And as you touched on, this is where our ability to reach into the market leveraging whether it's our partners at Schwab, realtor.com meant or our go-to-partners along with leading into our direct-to-consumer advertising. It really positions us to grow market share when others are pulling back because of site, changes in interest rate.
Got it. And maybe one for Julie. I don't want to feel left out here. So Julie, could you maybe just talk about how, gain on sale spreads trended across the quarter given that they came in well above the guidance. And can you maybe just talk about what you're seeing that will drive the compression into the fourth quarter, how much of that is being driven by channel mix expectations versus competition and as you look out over the next few quarters, based on what you're seeing today, just any sense for how long you think we can continue to operate with these elevated spreads?
Yes, sure. Thanks for the question. And in Q3, our gain on sale margins exceeded our expectations and remained elevated by historical standards. So our margins have remained elevated for longer than expected. If you look at their changes I mentioned from Q2 to Q3, changing the loan pricing, represented less than 10 basis points of that variance channel and product mix were the biggest drivers of this variance and about 40 basis points of this net resulted from our strong partner network growth that we saw during Q3. So as we head into Q4 margins are still strong by historical standards, and they're continuing to stay elevated, we think that demand that we're going to continue to see with 70% of folks able to refinance and the amount of repairs volume, that you take that into the next couple of years, if there are 6 or 7 trillion out there ready to be refinanced, that is something that's going to take years to work through, which will continue to elevate that demand, we believe going into the upcoming years. And so we feel really good about where our gain on sale margins and volumes heading here into the fourth quarter.
Your next question comes from the line of Rich Shane from JP Morgan. Your line is open.
Good afternoon everybody and thanks for taking my questions. One sort of business related. And then one stock related. As we look forward to the implementation of the GSE adverse market fees coming into place. I'm curious whether or not you think the primary markets were repriced or whether or not you think originators will start to absorb some of this. And that will adversely impacting on sale?
[Audit Start]
This is Bob Walters and thanks for the question. Largely most of that pricing has been absorbed and you've got a test run at it before the changes that we made a month or so ago. So they’ve largely been absorbed at this point and are fairly fully priced into the margins.
Great. Okay, thank you. And then when many situation you guys have announced a $1 billion potential buyback. I am curious how that works with the combination of A and D shares? Are D shares eligible for repurchase as well?
Yes. That's probably a question, Julie - you want to field that or you want to push that to a different time.
Yes. I can just answer generally, no, the D shares are not eligible for repurchase. This would be a Class A share repurchase program that we have announced.
Your next question comes from the line of Ryan McKeveny from Zelman & Associates. Your line is open.
Hey, thank you and congratulations on the results and guidance. So first question on gain on sale margins. Julie, taking some of your commentary about 4Q may be a step further. I think one of the debates out there is really thinking about that outlook into 2021, 2022 and sort of theoretically, how much compression there could be on gain on sale margins, especially if the environment is such where rates do back up at some point and industry volumes begin to fade. So definitely not looking for specific guidance on volumes or gain on sale margins for next year, but I'm just hoping you could maybe elaborate on the puts and takes to the gain on sale margins. I appreciate all the color that you did provide around the differentiation with your recapture and dynamic pricing but, maybe you can share some color on what you've seen historically in periods that might be somewhat analogous to today, where you have 2020 is a pretty massive year, but effectively what happens after that and why, what are those, what are those primary factors that we should think about for the puts and takes?
Yes, sure. If we look back, how can we kind of look at maybe more normalized, gain on sale margins, you'll see our direct-to-consumer margins have clinched [ph] between 400 basis points and 450 basis points. And then on the partner network side of things, probably between 100 basis points and 150 basis points if you look back over time. So I think as I mentioned that the demand that we're seeing now will continue to probably have a nice upward impact on those margins relative to the sort of historical levels that we have seen in to this upcoming year, how long that will last, you know it's just to be seen. But like I said, there is quite a lot of demand still out there into the upcoming years.
Got it. That's very helpful. And on the partner segment, exciting to hear about that new partnership that was struck last week, but curious on the Rocket Pro TPO changes this quarter, I was hoping you could address just how you think about your positioning in the wholesale channel, how you think about your differentiation from others maybe in terms of execution speed, pricing platform you kind of, you name it and how that benefits your mortgage partners? And along those lines, how does that positioning and some of the advantages are bringing into that market influence the gain on sale margin in that segment kind of above and beyond the overall mortgage market influences on the margin? Thank you so much.
Well, I would say, as we think about our partner network which is large and growing, both the branded partnerships that we've accomplished with Charles Schwab, State Farm, Intuit. But another partnership we referenced today that will be talking more about as we get into 2021. They are incredibly important, they reflect margin that is between maybe your traditional third-party and direct-to-consumer, which is certainly beneficial. And they leverage our brand. And that's the unique thing also about the third-party channel that you're talking about brokers, and I think the uniqueness that we bring to the table, not only our process and our technology, but now as we've rebranded to Rocket Pro TPO, we are giving the brand that is so highly regarded in the industry and allowing these brokers to leverage that.
I think I also referenced something that they set us apart, whatever is best for our clients, we want to help them achieve that and so we were able to offer 10,000 purchase leads to our GPO partners here as we rolled out the new Rocket Pro platform and we'll be able to continue to do that. And so those brokers have the advantage of using great technology, allowing their client to access the process that has won the 11th JD Power Award in a role for loan origination. And now, leverage the brand that people know and trust and received lead flow to allow them to grow their businesses as well. So when we think about that space, we're really focusing on all of those things that we can do to continue to grow and also differentiate ourselves from kind of the traditional players in that space.
Your next question comes from the line of Matt Roswell from RBC. Your line is open.
Yes, thank you very much for taking my question. I was wondering if we could think about the expense side going into the fourth quarter. And is there any sort of seasonality we should be aware of, or anything as we kind of think about adjusted EBITDA?
Yes. While we don't give guidance on expenses going into the fourth quarter, certainly, we will see the variable expenses vary every quarter with production, but there is nothing in particular that we're looking at in Q4 that is I think I've noted as we think at half year. So nothing really special to comment on, as we look ahead.
Okay. And then a bigger picture question. However, probably the efforts going into sort of the non-mortgage loans going for you so busy in the mortgage space that you're not really focused that much going into auto and personal?
We're very focused on that. And this is one of the key strengths of our platform, not only is the technology, the client base to brand, but also the leadership. And so our ability to leverage our leadership across those areas both real estate, Rocket Homes, Rocket Auto and Rocket Loans is going very well. I know we're not providing guidance right now on those businesses, but when we think about 2021, we're looking at businesses that will see substantial growth.
[Audit Ends]
[Operator Instructions] Your next question comes from the line of Arren Cyganovich from Citi. Your line is open.
Thanks. Maybe you just touched a little bit on your expansion plans into Canada and how that's progressing and I guess what your thoughts are in terms of the proportion of mortgage production you would expect to get over the next couple of years?
Yes, we're very excited about the work that we're doing in Canada. I know we released here in the last week or two that we made an acquisition of a company called Finmo to partner with Lendesk. And so that really allows a deeper direct access to the mortgage brokers in Canada. And our focus today is really developing the best tech process between the broker and the lender and so that Finmo acquisition was critical, I've seen a lot of positive response from both the brokerage community in Canada. And so just things are going as planned and we continue to develop out that technology. It's the areas right for disruption and between Lendesk and Finmo. I believe we're bringing an experience that no one else is to the table.
Thanks. And then on the back on the share repurchased authorization. This is something that you intend to use on a regular basis or is this more kind of episodic whenever you see opportunities in your stock or a bit too much excess capital?
Yes. So I think this is goes back to the broader concept of there just how we're going to handle capital allocation and so remember got a 35-year track record here I think of allocating capital in a pretty strategic manner as Julie touched on our first priority is always ensure and we've got a very strong balance sheet, our business is well capitalized and then making sure we're investing in our business for us, there's never been a better return than investing those dollars back into our business, whether it's spending the dollars on marketing to grow that brand spending the dollars on, technology to continue to grow that platform that we've been able to leverage, clearly we're always considering different M&A activities.
And then, finally, a special dividend that we've talked about. We did that as a privately held organization from time to time about it, we're public another way for us to help of course shareholders is to repurchase our shares and I think that was an important move that the Board made, we're going to be thoughtful and disciplined but as always opportunistic, we have a strong feeling about the value of our organization and if there is an opportunity to buy back shares that we think are undervalued and will do so.
Your next question comes from all of Mark DeVries from Barclays. Your line is open.
Thank you. Is there any color you can provide us today on the percentage of blocks you're getting from refi versus purchase and also kind of broken down by your two channels?
Yes, that it is not something that we have disclosed in the past, I think, we disclosed our mix in our S1 kind of for 2019 it and what that looks like, but that is something where we're still seeing very strong purchase demand here and something that we're very focused on. So we're just not just closing right now the mix between now in the channel.
Okay. Second question, maybe similar response that, what percentage of your Title business are you capturing from originations and how high do you think that can ultimately go? And are you generating third-party business there?
Yes, I don't think we disclose the percentages, but as I referenced before our Amrock had, it's a record quarter as well. And so, a significant portion of the Title that we do here is we leverage to Amrock and they also have a robust third-party Title business that is not based on Rocket Mortgage -- amounts. But we don't give specific -- by percentages.
Your next question comes from the line of Jack Micenko from SIG. Your line is open.
Hey, wanted to revisit the buyback versus the special dividend, pretty in-flow the buybacks, maybe half of the shares that are trying to currently trading. What was the thought process between maybe a buyback or a special dividend. At this point?
I think really just, what's the best opportunity for us. If we see the stock price dropped to a place that we think is advantageous, the better reduced our capital will be to buy that those shares back.
Okay. And then, I'm looking at the marketing spend, it grew, as a percent of revenue and I know you guys are pretty consistent with your marketing spend was there, was there anything, this quarter, as you think about the spend there and the timing maybe in the spring selling, '21 or was it just you just kind of a mismatch the spend versus the revenue or are you making a conscious effort to really deploy more of this elevated revenue into marketing while it's available to you?
Well, as we've talked about for a long period of time, if there is a marketing dollars, that can be spent that is profitable, especially on the first transaction, we will spend it because the lifetime value of that client is multiples more than the initial revenue that we've been profit that we generate in the first transaction. We also, of course, increased media costs as we went into this quarter with the election and I'm sure you are watching the television, listen the radios and going in line as much of that was and it was hard to see an add that wasn't related to the election. So that brought cost of a bit for us as well.
Your next question comes from the line of Bose George from KBW. Your line is open.
Hey, good afternoon, if you can give the recapture rates on borrowers who are paying off loans to make a purchase transaction and I was just wondering does that work into the retention metrics?
No, I don't think we give the specific number for that. But I will share with you as we think about the broader ecosystem Rocket Homes plays a critical role in providing to our mortgage clients, the homes they can afford, the equity that they have in their home and even getting them what we call Rocket ready or verified approval. And so someone in our servicing portfolio whose then demonstrating behavior, looking at homes in there [indiscernible] that verified approval gives us a heads up or trigger to be able to work with that client to ensure that we're bringing them back from a purchase perspective as well. And so that's why this robust ecosystem is so important to us.
Okay. Great, thanks. And then, actually the, in terms of. I wanted to ask about G&A buyouts. Is that contributing much to earnings and with the kind of size, that is a potential?
Yes. We have done some Ginnie Mae buyouts, and you can see that we have borrowed on our line of credit on our balance sheet, but it is an opportunity that we're continuing to evaluate for right now that is the amount that we're going to do is kind of what you see in our balance sheet there about $250 million so far.
Your next question comes from the line of Don Fandetti from Wells Fargo. Your line is open.
Hi, good evening. I was just wondering if there's been a lot of activities with the non-banks staff. I'm just curious, I don't know you also want to take market share, I'm Just curious if you thought the competitive dynamic, if that will change competition and then also what you're seeing from some of the large banks?
Well, we do see other folks who participate in the mortgage and real estate space, thinking about going public. I think when we think of Rocket Companies in our focus on helping consumers with some of the most exciting experience as they have in their life, whether it's buying a home or refinancing their home or buying a car, we think we're uniquely positioned. Obviously we've talked a lot about brand here today, we've become the household name when it comes to thinking about a great high quality mortgage or now real estate experience, it's spending nearly $900 million close to $1 billion in marketing. Also let me think about the client service we're providing, reference JD Power awards a few times here, but we think that the separates us from others that may be in a similar situation. And then of course the dollars that we're able to invest in the technology to grow this platform and separate us from others, we've now 2 million clients on our servicing book with the retention rate, north of 90% with a recapture rate that's 4.5 times, the industry according to Black Knight and watching this base grow, how we think about this fintech platform that we feel the growth that we're seeing, we think that's quite a bit different than some other folks that may be in the space doing mortgages.
Thank you.
Your final question comes from the line of Henry Coffey from Wedbush. Your line is open.
Yes, good evening and thank you for taking my question. I know on the last call, you talked about your objectives in terms of building capacity for next year. Maybe you could talk about that a little bit more and depending on where the refi and the purchase money market falls out? How do you see that affecting your channel mix between the independent -- between the brokers that partner network and your direct retail origination?
While the progress is going very well. As you look at the close volume that we were able to achieve in Q3 and our projections for Q4, the technology to allow us to that our target goal has been 25% of a normalized mortgage market. So that's a $2 trillion, give or take, which would be $525 billion [ph] at just about 40 years or so $1 billion a month. And so from a technology perspective, from an operations perspective, the platform is performing incredibly well. When we think about the future and we talk about this a lot we touched on the realtor.com partnership, we've talked about another very large partnership that we'll be announcing with more detail in 2021. We've talked about the rollout of Rocket Pro TPO giving brokers that brand in that technology.
All of these things will allow us to continue to lean into the marketing, grow share regardless interest rate condition. And so we just continue on our path building all of the right long-term strategies to allow the company to achieve that long-term goal of 25% market share by 2030.
Just kind of a second question is not really related, but what about the other areas, how is that playing Auto and direct lending. We saw a whole other follow that you've talked about so much and with that, I'll say thank you for taking my question.
Well, as I touched on before, I do not providing guidance, but I can state that much like the mortgage platform building out the different channels in our real estate from Rocket Homes which now millions of visitors a month. Our for sale by owner platform, the Rocket Auto platform, all of those things are going as planned and we are very excited about the growth we've seen here in Q3, and even more excited about the growth that we believe do experience in the future.
I just have one quick -- one. I'm sorry...
Go ahead, Julie.
Want to clarify…
The only thing I wanted to make sure that I did clarify here, looking sure earlier the question regarding the share repurchase plan, the question was regarding D or D shares. So I just want to clarify since the share repurchase plan applies to both A and D shares.
Thank you. Thank you, Julie.
Well, great. We appreciate everyone joining today. And I think that's going to wrap up the questions, but thank you so much for taking the time.
That concludes today's conference call. Thank you everybody for joining. You may now disconnect.